Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BIO170 - Obj 15
BIO170 - Obj 15 - cancer therapies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the various treatments for cancer? | surgery, hormone therapy, radiation, and chemotherapy |
| How is surgery a treatment for cancer? | it involves removing the cancerous growth and other infected lymph nodes and tissues |
| What are sentinel lymph nodes? | the first lymph node to receive lymphatic drainage from a malignant tumor; identified as the first to take up a radionuclide or dye injected into the tumor |
| How is the sentinel node used in treating cancer? | in melanoma & breast cancer surgeries, if sentinel node is free of metastasis, more distal nodes are also free; during surgery, each successive lymph node is aspirated to monitor for presence of metastasized tumor cells; lymph node is removed if present |
| What are possible surgical complications? | 1) vital tissue around the tumor may be removed or destroyed (ex: healthy nervous tissue around a brain tumor);2) no guarantee that the tumor hasn't metastasized even with surgical removal of sentinel lymph nodes; no guarantee tumor was completely removed |
| How is hormonal therapy used to treat cancer? What is an example? | administrationof a hormonal agonist halts the promotion of reproductive cancers; ex: Tamoxifen, an estrogen agonist used as a treatment of breast cancer |
| What are some of the undesirable side effects of hormonal therapy? | fluid retention, hypertension, adrenal insufficiency, hot flashes, diabetes, increased risk of endometrial carcinoma, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism |
| Is hormonal therapy an independent cancer therapy? | no; hormonal therapy needs to be coupled with other treatments to be successful |
| How is radiation used as a cancer therapy? | radiation destroys cancer in a localized area by disrupting the DNA of rapidly dividing cells; cells undergoing mitosis are particularly sensitive to radiation |
| What are the problems with radiation as a cancer treatment? | it also destroys healhy new cells undergoing mitosis (can't focus radiation on just the tumor cells) and radiation tends to exacerbate effects of the tumor; anorexia is another side effect |
| How are cells in the bone marrow affected by radiation exacerbatine the effects of the tumor? | cells in the bone marrow divide rapidly, and are therefore destroyed by radiation leading to anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia which worsens the immunosuppression |
| How are cells in the but mucosa affected by radiation? | causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and inflammation of the GI tract (ex: esophagitis during lung cancer irradiation) |
| How is chemotherapy used as a cancer treatment? | it kills cancer cells throughout the body; rapidly dividing cells are sensitive to chemotherapy during mitosis or at the beginning of the G1 stage of interphase |
| What are the side effects of chemotherapy? | similiar to radiation therapy; also hair follicles can be affected causing hair to fall out |
| What may the next generation of cancer drugs include? | specific tumor antigens or monoclonal antibodies which directly target tumor cells |
Created by:
debmurph
Popular Biology sets