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Law Chapter 4
Buisness Law
Term | Definition |
---|---|
crime | punishable offense against society |
vicarious criminal liability | substituted criminal liability |
felony | crime punishable by more than one year in jail, a fine of more than $1,000, or both |
misdemeanor | crime punishable by up to one year in jail, a fine of less than $1,000, or both |
white-collar crimes | crime typically committed in the workplace that does not involve violence or force nor does it cause injury to people or physical damage to property |
probable cause | a reasonable ground for belief |
defense | at criminal law, a legal position that allows the defendant to escape criminal liability |
procedural defense | defense based on problems with the way evidence is obtained or the way the accused person is arrested, questioned, tried, or punished |
substantive defense | defenses that disprove, justify, or otherwise excuse the alleged crime |
self-defense | use of force that appears reasonably necessary for the self-protection of an intended victim |
immunity | immunity freedom from prosecution for a crime |
contempt of court | action that hinders the administration of justice in court |
punishment | penalty provided by law and imposed by a court |
plea bargain | agreement with prosecutor allowing defendant to plead guilty to a lesser crime than the more serious one he or she likely would be charged with |
indictment | a written accusation which declares that there is sufficient evidence to try the identified individual for a specified crime |
arraignment | court proceeding during which the formal charges in the information or the indictment are read |
preliminary hearing | court proceeding at which the evidence against the defendant will be presented to the court so it may determine whether there is sufficient cause to hold him or her for trial |
bail | a sum of money or property deposited or pledged to guarantee that the arrested person will appear for a preliminary hearing or trial |
subpoena | written court order compelling a person to appear and testify; a command to an individual to appear and testify or produce documents or other evidence in his or her possession |
voir dire | preliminary exam of the potential jurors to determine their ability to judge ably and impartially the matter to be placed before them |
verdict | jury’s decision in a case |