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Mod 6B - DNA Protein

Second Half Module 6 - DNA, Proteins, and the Cell Cycle

TermDefinition
Mitosis a process of asexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells
Interphase the time interval between cellular reproductions
Cytokinesis the process, usually following mitosis or meiosis, in which the cytoplasm of a cell is divided in two
Karyotype the figure produced when the chromosomes of a species during metaphase are arranged according to their homologous pairs
Diploid Cell a cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs or two sets of chromosomes
Haploid cell a cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair or half the total number of chromosomes
Diploid number (2n) the total number of chromosomes in a diploid cell
Haploid number (n) the number of homologous pairs in a diploid cell (1/2 the total)
Meiosis the process by which a diploid (2n) cells forms gametes (n)
Gametes haploid cells (n) produced by diploid cells (2n) for the purpose of sexual reproduction
Zygote the result of sexual reproduction when each parent contributes half of the DNA necessary for the offspring
Prophase the first stage of mitosis or meiosis, during which the nuclear membrane disappears and the nuclear material resolves itself into chromosomes
Metaphase a stage in mitosis or meiosis where the nucleus dissolves and the cell's chromosomes condense and move together, aligning in the center of the dividing cell
Anaphase a stage of mitosis or meiosis in which the chromosomes move from the center toward the opposite ends of a dividing cell
Telophase the last step of cell division for mitosis or meiosis, when chromosomes move in opposite directions so two new cells can be formed from one.
Tetrad two homologous chromosomes consisting of four chromatids, two sister chromatids in each chromosome
Crossing over the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes
Eukaryotic cell a cell with a membrane-bound nucleus and other distinct, membrane-bound organelles
Sexual reproduction the production of new organisms by the combination of genetic information of two individuals of different sexes
Asexual reproduction one parent copies itself to form a genetically identical offspring.
Cell cycle the combination of interphase and mitosis
Created by: MelRodriguez
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