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Unit 5
7th Grade Science October 2023
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Integumentary System | Organ system that includes the skin, hair, nails. glands, and nerves: serves to protect the body, maintain temperature and water levels. and provide sensation |
| Skin | Thin layer of tissue that forms the outer covering of the body |
| Epidermis | The top layer of skin |
| Dermis | Thick layer of skin below the epidermis that contains capillaries nerves, sweat glands. hair follicles, and other structures |
| Hypodermis | Bottom layer of skin (also called the subcutaneous layer) |
| Sweat Gland | Gland in the skin that secretes sweat |
| Sweat | Liquid made by sweat glands in the skin that helps cool the body |
| Sebaceous Gland | Gland that secretes sebum (oily substance) to lubricate skin |
| Nail | Hard covering on the upper surface of the tip of fingers and toes |
| Hair | Fine, thread-like strands that insulate and protect from the sun |
| Hair Follicle | Tunnel-shaped structure where a hair grows and exits the skin: includes the hair bulb at the bottom where cells divide to build the hair strand |
| Receptors | Cells that are able to respond to light, heat, or other stimuli and transmit a signal to a sensory nerve |
| Muscular System | Organ system that permits movement of the body and consists of three different types of muscle tissue |
| Skeletal System | Organ system that serves as the framework of the body and consists mainly of bone |
| Musculoskeletal System | Term that combines the muscular system and the skeletal system, both of which are needed for movement and maintaining posture |
| Bone | Pieces of hard whitish tissue that make up the skeleton |
| Muscle | Band of fibrous tissue that has the ability to contract, producing movement in or maintaining the position of the body |
| Joint | Structure at which two parts of the skeleton are fitted together |
| Bone Marrow | Soft, spongy tissue found in the center of most bones |
| Ball and socket joints | Joints that allow circular motion |
| Pivot joints | Joints that allow motion around a single pivot point |
| Gliding joints | Joints that allow sliding movement between bones |
| Fixed joints | Joints that do not allow any movement |
| Where do you find Ball and socket joints? | Shoulders and Hips |
| Where do you find Pivot joints? | Neck |
| Where do you find Gliding joints? | Wrist |
| Where do you find Fixed joints? | Skull and Tailbone |
| Hinge joints | Joints that allow back and forth motion |
| Where do you find Hinge joints? | Fingers, Knees, Elbows |
| Three types of muscles cells, or myocytes | Cardiac, Skeletal, Smooth |
| When exposed to the sun, a type of cholesterol in the skin is converted | MAKES VITAMIN D |
| Skin is waterproof, so it helps maintain the body's balance of fluid and electrolytes (minerals in the body such as sodium, potassium, and calcium). | MAINTAIN WATER LEVEL |
| Sweat glands make sweat. Sweating eliminates excess water and salts, as well as a very small amount of urea, a waste product of cells. | REMOVE WASTES |
| The vast blood supply in the skin helps regulate body temperature. As blood vessels in the skin dilate (widen), it helps heat loss. When vessels constrict (get narrower), heat is retained. Also, sweating helps cool a person down. | REGULATE TEMPERATURE |
| Helps us to stay safe from things that could hurt us, helps us sense changes in our environment, and allows us to put correct pressure on objects as we lift them. | SENSATION |
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SuttonFamily
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