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NUR 412 Exam Two

Prevention and Control, Immunity, Community Planning

QuestionAnswer
What are environmental risk factors for disease? increased travel, contact with unaccustomed things, increased spread of disease that's endemic to area
What are the properties of agents? communicability, pathogenicity, virulence
What is communicability? ability to spread from one individual to another
What is pathogenicity? ability to cause disease
What is virulence? ability to cause severe disease
What three things increase virulence? biofilms, toxigenicity, antibiotic resistance
What are three urgent threats to antibiotic resistance? C. diff, carbapenem-resistant enterobactericeae (CRE), ad neisseria gonorroheae
What are two serious threats to antibiotic resistance? MRSA, MDR-TB
What are direct modes of transmission? contact, droplet, placenta
What are common direct diseases? common cold, pertussis, HIV
What are indirect modes of transmission? vectors, vehicles, airborne
What are common indirect diseases? tuberculosis, Lyme disease
What's the clinical presentation for food poisoning? nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (sometimes bloody)
What are examples of pathogens r/t food safety? norovirus, salmonella, campylobacter, clostridium perfringens, staph aureus
What are symptoms of E. coli? abdominal cramps, bloody or non-bloody diarrhea, vomiting
What are the three types of immunity? active, passive, and herd
What is active immunity? stimulation of immune system to produce antibodies
What are examples of active immunity? vaccines, natural disease
What is passive immunity? transfer of antibody produced by one human or animal to another
What are examples of passive immunity? mother to baby; immunoglobulin blood products
What is herd immunity? enough of the population has immunity; protects people them who may be susceptible
What is primary data collection? windshield surveys, interviews, direct observation
What is secondary data collection? census data, statistics, rankings
What's important for community health assessments? identify existing resources and assets
What is the ecological model? recognizes the same environments has different impacts on individuals
What are the levels of the ecological model? individual -> relationship -> community -> society
What are individual factors? individual characteristics such as age, education, and health status
What are relationship factors? close social circles such as family, partners, and close friends
What are community factors? where social interaction occurs, such as workplace, neighborhood, and schools
What are societal factors? cultural; societal norms, socioeconomic
What is the CHANGE model? identifies strengths and resources, identifies weaknesses, creates strategies to improve community outcomes (SWOT analysis)
What is the Build Environment Assessment Tool? guideline for assessing built environment
What is included in the BEAT Manual? infrastructure, walkability, bikeability, recreational sites, food
What is a Community Health Needs Assessment? assessment in which key health issues and demands are identified through systematic, in-depth data collection and analysis
What is performance measurement? collect data to measure performance
What is program evaluation? examines effectiveness of program outcomes
What is an impact report? communicates results of program evaluation
Created by: kristina2992
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