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Skeletal System

Yoga Teacher Training

QuestionAnswer
How many bones make up the skeletal system? 206
What are bones made of? Collagen that store calcium. They also contain bone marrow where blood cells are produced. Bones form joints which are supported by cartilage and structures such as ligaments
Name the skeletal bones- Part 1 Skull, Mandible (jaw), clavicle (collar bone), sternum, ribs, pelvis, carpals (wrist), metacarpals (palm), phalanges (fingers), patella (knee), tarsals (ankle), metatarsals (foot) and phalanges (toes)
Name the skeletal bones - Part 2 Vertebral column (discs that form your spine), scapula ( shoulder blade), humerus (scapula to elbow), ulna (forearm), radius (forearm bone that runs to your thumb), sacrum (pelvis), femur ( thighbone), tibia (shinbone), fibula (outside leg), calcaneus
Cartilage Lines bones at most joints. Wears down is oesteoarthritis
Ligaments Hold the joints together. Connect bone to bone.
Bone Has smooth outer connective tissue called periosteum. Inside this is strong but deeper still is a spongy bone. It's strong but light.
Spine Vertebrae sit on top of each other to create natural curves called 'neutral spine'.
Vertebrae They are numbered and have discs in between, spongy so they don't rub off eachother.
Scoliosis, Kyphosis and Ordosis - Spine Scoliosis exaggerated S or C curve of the spine, Kyphosis (hunchback) and Lordosis (sway back)
4 sections of spine Upper is Cervical, mid is Thoracic, lower is Lumbar and sacral is thigh bone
Pelvis Includes 2 hip bones connected by the sacrum.
Neutral Pelvis - describe anterior and posterior Posterior tilt (backwards), Neutral ( balanced) and Anterior ( forwards)
What is a joint? Can you name the 3 types of joint? Where bones unite and move. 3 types Fibrous (immobile) , Cartilaginous ( slightly mobile) and synovial ( most mobile).
Types of movement Hip:Flexion,Extension/Abduction/Adduction/ Lateral Rotation/Medial Rotation. Knee: Flexion/Extension Ankle: Plantar Felxion/Dorsiflexion Foot: Inversion/Eversion
Inside a joint Synovial fluid lubricates and cushions. Sedentary lifestyle the fluid will be thin and less effective. Yoga helps it to thicken and protects joint structure.
Synovial Joint Protects bone ends from touching eachother which cause damage. They are the most common type of joint in the body.
Arthritis Wear and tear on joints can lead to osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Healthy Joint Space in the joint, smooth cartilage and synovial fluid cushions joint.
Early Arthritis Joint space narrows, cartilage degrades and inflamed membrane
Late Arthritis Bones surface meet, cyst in bone, bone spur
What is the main role of the skeletal system? It forms a framework for your body that provides structure, protection and the ability to move
What does neutral spine mean? When the curves of the spine are balanced in relation to one another.
Tendons Connect muscle to bone.
Types of joints Hinge: elbow/knee Ball and socket: hip/shoulder Saddle: thumb Pivot: bones can spin or twist around other bones.
The Spine - numbers 7 Cervical Vertebrae - C1 to C7 12 Thoracic Vertebrae - T1 to T12 5 Lumbar Vertebrae - L1 to L5 Sacrum 5 fused Vertebrae Coccys 3 fused Verebrae
Imbibition The movement of nutrients and fluids into your cells and body parts even in the absence of a defined blood supply.
Avascular Tissues that do not contain blood vessels or lymphatic system
Spinal Nerves Spinal Cord: Medulla Oblongata to First Lumbar Vertebrae 31 pairs of nerves The nerves protect the body. They tell the brain what is happening ( i.e. feeling, movement) so the brain can act
Created by: Niamh Scanlon
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