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Cell Cycle LS

Cell Cycle Language of Learning

TermDefinition
Cell Cycle cell division; purpose is to create two identical cells
Mitosis division of the nucleus; divided into Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase
Prophase phase of mitosis when nuclear membrane disappears and the DNA coils up tightly from chromatin to form chromosomes
Metaphase phase of mitosis when chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell along the equator with spindle fibers attached
Anaphase phase of mitosis when spindle fibers from centrioles begin to split chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell
Telophase phase of mitosis when chromosomes have moves to opposite sides of the cell and the nuclear membranes begin to develop; animal cells form a cleavage furrow while plant cells form a cell plate
Cell Cycle Checkpoints checks for damaged DNA to ensure two healthy daughter cells at the end; found between G1, G2, and between metaphase and anaphase
Interphase part of the cell cycle; divided into G1, S, and G2
G1 Phase portion of interphase when all organelles and cytoplasm, except the nucleus, replicates
S Phase portion of interphase which replicates DNA; synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid to create two identical copies
G2 Phase portion of interphase where the replication of DNA is checked for mistakes
Cytokinesis part of the cell cycle where the cytoplasm and organelles divide into the newly created daughter cells
Cancer unregulated cell division which causes cells to divide too quickly and produces tumors; repeats the cell cycle continuously
Cancer Fighting Drugs attempt to prevent cell divisions of damaged cells
Deoxyribonucleic Acid carries the instructions for making proteins in the sequence of the nucleotides ; double helix or twisted ladder shape
Proteins made up of amino acids; necessary for the growth and function of organisms
chromosome a DNA molecule that has carries all or part of the genetic code of an organism
chromatid one copy of a newly copied chromosome
nucleus the part of a eukaryotic cell that contains DNA, the genetic material
nuclear envelope/membrane the membrane that separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm
chromatin the material that makes up the chromosomes of eukaryotic organisms; composed of protein, RNA, and DNA
Created by: weeks science
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