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Science Biology

September-December

QuestionAnswer
Osmosis definition osmosis is the net movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane
Osmosis- what's the membrane and what's solutes selectively permeable membrane= very small only let small through EG: let water through but not starch A solute can dissolve eg: sugar so a strong lots of Ribena = strong solvent strong
the function of Alveoli function= gas exchange eg blood gets rid of Carbon dioxide and gets Oxygen through a selectively permeable membrane
Breathing in = and breathing out = breathing in= inhalation breathing out= exhalation
Gases / %inspired Air / % expired Air Oxygen= In21- out16 Carbon Dioxide= In0.04- out 4 Nitrogen= In78- Out78 Water Vapour=In Varies- Out saturated
Welsh governments attempts to reduce smoking Raise buying age to 18 scary packaging Expensive Tv advertising No Passive smoking eg cars with kids or in public
Respiration IS NOT BREATHING its a Respiration is a CHEMICAL REACTION that takes place in EVERY LIVING CELL. It releases energy from glucose and in controlled by enzymes
Respiration releases energy from glucose for Muscle contraction muscle Growth Maintaining body temperature
Aerobic respiration Oxygen needed Glucose fully broken down EFFIECENT REACTION takes place in mitochondria
Anaerobic respiration oxygen not used glucose not broken down fully INEFFIECENT REACTION only carried out during VIGOUROUS exercise EG SPRINTING lactic acid waste builds up and can cause cramp
Word equations for respiration Aerobic= Glucose+ Oxygen--- ATP(energy)+Carbon Dioxide + water Anaerobic= Glucose--- ATP(small energy)+ lactic acid Breakdown of lactic acid= Lactic acid+ Oxygen--- Carbon Dioxide+ Water (caused by oxygen debt)
Chest Cavity/ The thorax Breathing in- intercostal muscles contract - ribcage moves up and out- the volume of the thorax increases - lower pressure in thorax
How are lungs protected from infection? The sticky mucus trap dust and bacteria and the cilia(tiny hair like structures) on the surface of cells that line the trachea bronchi and bronchioles sweep the sticky mucus to the back of the throat
Effect of smoking Lung cancer by tar chemicals in cigarettes paralyse cilia causes smokers cough emphysema which breaks down the walls of the alveoli causing shortness of breath
Created by: EX Sharpe
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