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335 Exam 2
335 Addiction
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| addiction | a physiological or physical need for a substance or process to the extent that the individual will risk negative consequences in an attempt to meet the need |
| substance use disorder | use of the substance interfered with the ability to fulfill role obligation |
| tolerance | amount required to achieve the desired effect continues to increase, priority intervention to abstain from the substance |
| intoxication | physical and mental state of exhilaration and emotional frenzy or lethargy to stupor |
| withdrawal | physiological and mental readjustment that accompanies the discontinuation of an addictive substance |
| conditioning | a learned response that occurs after repeated exposure to a stimuli |
| pre alcoholic phase | relieving everyday stress and tensions |
| early alcoholic phase | begins with blackouts, alcohol is required by individuals; consumption in secret |
| crucial phase | individual has lost control, physiological addiction evident, inability to choose whether or not to drink; risks anything for alcohol |
| chronic phase | emotional and physical disintegration; more intoxicated than sober; expresses self pity |
| alcoholism peripheral neuropathy | peripheral nerve damage, pain, burning and tingling, prickly sensation |
| alcoholic myopathy | sudden onset of muscle pain, swelling and weakness along with myoglobinuria - red urine |
| wernicke's encephalopathy | most serious form of thiamine deficiency; paralysis of ocular muscles |
| korsakoff's psychosis | syndrome of confusion, loss of recent memory and confabulation in alcoholics |
| alcoholic cardiomyopathy | accumulation in the myocardial cells, enlargement and weakened; congestive heart failure |
| alcoholic hepatitis | inflamed liver due to alcohol, enlarged and tender, jaundice |
| cirrhosis of the liver | end stage of alcoholic liver disease, destruction of liver cells leads to portal hypertension, ascites, esophageal varices, hepatic encephalopathy |
| alcohol withdrawal | coarse tremor of hands, tongue and eyelids, N/V, elevated blood pressure, hallucinations |
| sedative use disorder | can cause rebound insomnia and increased dreaming (REM rebound) |
| intoxication of sedatives | mood lability, impaired judgment, slurred speech, uncoordination |
| withdrawal sedatives | sweating, pulse greater than 100, hand tremors, illusions |
| stimulants withdrawal | think crashing, fatigue, cramps, depression |
| stimulants intoxication | hyper vigilance, sensitivity, anxiety and tension |
| opioid withdrawal | lacrimination and rhinorrhea, pupillary dilation, sweating |
| opioid intoxication | psychomotor agitation and retardation |
| increased risks with nicotine | cancer, COPD, heart disease, macular degeneration |
| substance dependence | when the individual can no longer control the use of the substance |
| depressant withdrawal symptoms | tachycardia, hypertension, hallucinations |
| disulfiram side effects with alcohol | flushed skin, throbbing head and neck, respiratory difficulty |
| methanol antidote | alcohol |
| caffeine | stimulates cellular metabolism |
| hepatic encephelopathy | inability to convert ammonia to urea for excretion |
| acute pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas vomiting, severe epigastric pain, abdominal distention |
| portal hypertension | defective blood flow because of the cirrhotic liver |
| barbiturates | cause relaxation and drowsiness; monitor blood pressure |
| fetal alcohol syndrome | pregnant client is alcoholic, abnormal shape and size of fetus brain; learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, ineffective communication |
| disulfram | drug used as a deterrent to drinking for those who misuse alcohol; meant for someone in recovery already; aversive treatment |
| opioid antagonist | naloxene |
| benzodiazepine antagonist | flumazenil |
| opioid withdrawal medication | clonidine, alpha 2 agonist |
| alcohol withdrawal medications | benzodiazepines - diazepam, lorazepam, chlordiazepoxide (librium) |
| methadone | long acting opioid, harm reduction benefits since it is not injectable |
| vitamins for alcohol use disorder patients | multivitamin, thiamine, folic acid |
| treatment for hallucinogen withdrawal | benzodiazepines and antipsychotics |
Created by:
ahommel
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