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Inside Earth 2:1
Ch. 2:1 Earth's Crust in Motion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Stress | A force acting on a rock to make it change its shape or volume. |
| Shearing | Stress that pushes masses of rocks in opposite directions. |
| Compression | Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks. |
| Tension | Stress that stretches rock so that it become thinner in the middle. |
| Deformation | A change in the volume or shape of Earth's crust. |
| Fault | A breaking in Earth's crust where slabs of rock slip past each other. |
| Strike-slip fault | A fault where rocks on either slide move past each other sideways with little up-or-down motion. |
| Normal fault | A fault where the hanging wall slides downward; caused by tension in the crust. |
| Hanging wall | The block of rock that lies above a fault line. |
| Footwall | The block of rock that lies below the fault line. |
| Reverse Fault | A type of fault where the hanging wall slides upward. |
| Fault-block mountain | A mountain that forms where a normal fault uplifts a block of rock. |
| Fold | A bend in rock that forms where part of Earth's crust is compressed. |
| Anticline | An upward fold in rock formed by compression of Earth's crust. |
| Syncline | A downward fold in rock formed by compression in Earth's crust. |
| Plateau | A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level. |