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Chapter 4:Atmosphere
notes on atmosphere and cycles in the atmosphere
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the atmosphere? | a thin layer of air that forms a protective covering around the planet |
| The layer of atmosphere that we live in is the __________. | troposphere |
| The most common gas in our atmosphere is ______. | nitrogen 78% |
| The two major gases that make up our atmosphere is _____ and _____, but there are many other gases in our atmosphere like: | nitrogen 78% and oxygen 21%aragon, carbon dioxide, water vapor, neon, helium, methane, krypton, xeron, hydrogen, ozone |
| The tempature is the hottest in what atmosphereic layer? | thermosphere |
| The layer of atmosphere that contains the ozone layer is the _________. | stratosphere |
| Harmful energy that comes from the sun is ________ __________. | ultraviolet radiation |
| Chemical compounds that pollute the atmosphere are _______________. | chlorofluorocarbon |
| Atmospheric makeup- mixture of gases, _______, and liquids | solids |
| Volcanoes produced nitrogen and carbon dioxide, but little ________. | oxygen |
| More than 2 billion years ago ________ began producing oxygen | organisms |
| eventually oxygen formed an ________ layer that protected Earth from harmful rays | ozone |
| _________ plants and diverse life forms developed | green |
| atmospheric _______ include nitrogen 78%, oxygen 21%, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and aragon. | gases |
| atmosphere is changing with the introduction of pollutants; increasing human energy use is increasing the amount of __________. | carbon dioxide |
| Pollutants mix with oxygen and other chemicals to form _______ | smog |
| _________ include dust, salt, and pollen | solids |
| _________ include water droplets, and droplets from volcanoes. | liquids |
| ______ atmospheric layers | five |
| Lower Layers : Lowest layer, where humans live, is the __________, which extends about 10 km up, and contains most of the water vapor and gases. | troposphere |
| extending 10 km to 50 km above earth, the _______ contains ozone | stratosphere |
| Upper Layers: _________ extends from 50 km to 85 km and is the layer in which meteors are visible | mesosphere |
| thickest part of the atmosphere is from 85 km to 500 km and is called the _________ for its high tempature | thermosphere |
| within the mesosphere and thermospere is a layer of charged particles called the _________ that can help carry radio waves | ionosphere |
| __________- outer layer of atmosphere in which the space shuttle flies; has very few molecules | exosphere |
| ___________- molecules closer to the surface are more densley packed (at higher pressure)than those higher in the atmosphere because of the mass of gases pressing down from higher atmosphere | atmospheric perssure |
| The troposphere is warmed primarily by the Earth's surface; tempature __________ as altitude increases | decreases |
| Tempatures _______ as altitude increases in the stratosphere, particularly the upper portion because ozone absorbs energy from the Sun. | increase |
| tempatures _______ with altitude in the mesosphere | decrease |
| thermosphere and exosphere are the first to recieve the sun's rays, so they are very ___ | hot |
| __________- about 19 km to 48 km above earth in the stratosphere, this layer of 3-atom oxygen milecules protects the Earth from the sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation | ozone layer |
| Luife on earth, as we know it ______ on it. | depends |
| Pollutants called _______ (CFCs) are destroying the ozone layer | chlorofluorocarbons |
| The ozone layer has a large hole over _________ | Antartica |
| some energy from theh Sun is reflected back into _______ some is abosorbed by the ________, and some is absorbed by _________ and water on Earth's surface | space, atmosphere, and land |
| ________- energy that flows from an object with a gigher tepaerature to on ewith a lower tempature | heat |
| ___________ energy transferred in rays or waves | radiation |
| ___________transfer of energy when molecules bump into each other through contact | conductiono |
| ____________ transfer of heat by the flow of a material | concection |
Created by:
laceymarie2014
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