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Ecology/Matter
Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the biosphere consist of? | All life on Earth and all the parts of the Earth is which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere |
| What is ecology? | The scientific study of interactions between organisms and their physical environments |
| The individual organism is part of a species or group____. | of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| What is a population? | A group of organisms of one species living in the same place at the same place at the same time that interbreed |
| What is a community? | A collection of interacting populations |
| What is an ecosystem made of? | The interactions among the populations in a community and the community's physical surroundings, or abiotic factors |
| What is a biome? | A group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms |
| What are the biological influences on organisms called? | Biotic factors |
| What is a biotic factor? | Any living part of the environment in which an organism might interact |
| What is an abiotic factor? | A physical component of the environment; nonliving parts of the environment |
| What are autotrophs? | Producers that make their own food through photosynthesis and are known as primary producers |
| What are primary producers? | The first producers of energy-rich compound that are later used by other organisms |
| Photosynthesis captures light energy and uses it to power chemical reactions that ____. | convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-carbohydrates such as sugars and starches |
| What is chemosynthesis? | A process in which chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates |
| What are heterotrophs? | Consumers that cannot make their own food |
| What are consumers? | Organisms that rely on other organisms for energy and nutrients |
| What is an herbivore? | A consumer that feeds only on plants |
| What is a carnivore? | A consumer that feeds only on other animals |
| What is a scavenger? | An animal that feeds on carrion, refuse, and dead organisms |
| What is an omnivore? | An animal that consumes a variety of foods that include both animals and plants |
| What do decomposers do? | Break down dead and decaying plants and animals into simpler molecules that can be absorbed |
| What is a food chain? | A simple model that scientists use to show how matter and energy move through an ecosystem and consists of producers, consumers, and decomposers |
| Food chains usually consist of _ links but most have no more than 5 links. ____ are a link represented by each organism in a food chain. | 1) 3 2)Trophic levels |
| What is the First Trophic Level made up of? | Photosynthetic autotrophs |
| What is a food web? | All the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level |
| What do ecological pyramids show? | The relative amount of energy or more |
| What are the three different types of ecological pyramids? | Energy, biomass, and numbers |
| What do pyramids of energy show? | The relative amount of energy available at each trophic level of a food chain or food web |
| About how much energy is available to the next trophic level? | On average, about 10% of the energy available within one trophic level is available in the next trophic level |
| What is the total amount of living tissue within a trophic level called? | Biomass |
| What does a pyramid of biomass illustrate? | The relative amount of living organic matter |
| What does a pyramid of numbers show? | The relative number of individual organisms |
| Unlike the one-way flow of energy, ___. | matter is recycled within and between ecosystems |
| Elements pass from one organism to another and among parts of the biosphere through closed loops called ___. | biogeochemical cycles |
| What do biological processes consist of? | Any and all activities performed by living organisms |
| Water continuously moves ____. | between the oceans, the atmosphere, and land -- sometimes outside living organisms and sometimes inside them |
| Every organism needs nutrients to ___ and carry out life functions. | build tissues |
| The 3 pathways or cycles that move ___, ___, and ___ through the biosphere are especially critical for life. | carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus |
| What is the process of bacteria converting nitrogen gas to ammonia known as? | Nitrogen fixation |
| Other soil bacteria obtain energy by ___ which is released into the atmosphere in a process called denitrification. | converting nitrates into nitrogen gas |
| If ample sunlight and water are available, ___. | the primary productivity of an ecosystem may be limited by the availability of nutrients |
| What will be limited if even a single essential nutrient is in short supply? | Primal productivity |
| What are nutrient's whose supply limits productivity called? | Limiting nutrients |
Created by:
alov9636
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