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Chemistry of Life
BIology test over chemistry of life, enzymes, macromolecules, atoms, etc.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 2 types of nucleic acids | DNA and RNA |
| Adhesion | An attraction between molecules of different substances |
| Atomic Mass | number of protons plus neutrons |
| Capillary action | water moves up small tubes because of adhesion and cohesion |
| Carbohydrate functions | Provide structural support and quick energy |
| Carbohydrates | Commonly known as sugars, made of CHO in a ratio of 1:2:1, |
| Characteristics of Acids | Taste sour, Neutralizes bases, Corrode metal, pH less than 7, High concentration of H+ ions |
| Characteristics of bases | Slippery, Neutralizes acids, also known as alkaline, pH higher than 7, High concentration of OH- ions |
| Chemical formula | A combination of chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance |
| Cohesion | Attraction between molecules of the same substance |
| covalent bond | A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule |
| decomposition enzyme reaction | when molecules are broken into smaller products |
| Electrons | negatively charged particles found in orbitals surrounding the nucleus |
| Enzymes are proteins that act as _________, speeding up the rate of a chemical reaction | Catalyst |
| hydrogen bond | weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom |
| Ionic Bond | Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
| Isotopes | Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| Lipid functions | Provide long-term energy storage, form membranes within cells |
| Lipids | Fats, steroids, oils and waxes, Mostly CHO (some O), Insoluble in water, Made of glycerol and fatty acids, used as messengers between cells. |
| Macromolecules | polymers built from monomers |
| Matter is composed of | atoms |
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Nucleic Acid Functions | store genetic information in cells (can be seen in DNA and RNA) |
| Nucleic Acids | CHONP, Made of nucleotide monomers |
| polar molecule | molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end |
| Properties of water | High surface tension, capillary action, resists temperature change, expands when freezes, high heat of vaporization |
| Proteins Functions | regulate cell processes, form bones and muscles, transport materials |
| Proteins | CHON, composed of long chains of amino acids, |
| Protons | positively charged particles in the nucleus |
| Solute | A substance that is dissolved in a solution. |
| Solution | A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another. |
| Solvent | A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances |
| synthesis enzyme reaction | when molecules are joined together to form a larger product |
| The 4 Macromolecules are | carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids |
| The molecule that is formed at the end of a chemical reaction using an enzyme is called: | Product |
| Universal Solvent | water |
| Water forms an equal amount of H+ and OH- ions it is considered to be a _____________ solution. | Neutral |
Created by:
CharlotteWoods
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