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P&P 2010 circu k
P&P 2010 compromised Circulation k
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| hardening/ loss of elasticity , of arterial walls, narrowing of lumen, obstruction, ischemia/ necrosis to tissues in arterioles | arteriosclerosis |
| presence of atheromas, on lining of any artery,(plaques : lipids, cells, fibrin & cell debris), preference for coronary arteries | arteriosclerosis |
| tunica intima, tunica media, adventitia | the laters of an artery |
| the build up of fatty material, cells, lipids and plaque is an | atheroma: |
| risk of platelets adhering to rough surface. thrombus formation, obstruction leads to an | embolus |
| atheroma also weakens wall and a ? may develop | aneurysm |
| etiology of circulatory problems is | multifactored |
| age (incrased risk after 40, esp. men), gender (estrogen protects, women), genetic | factors that cannot be changed r/t circulatory problems |
| obesity,diet high in cholesterol & animal fats | modifiable factors r/t circulatory problems |
| what leads to low hdl, high ldl, promotes platelet adhesion & vasoconstriction, decreases fibrinogen & clot formation | cigarette smoking |
| sedentary lifestyle, poorly controlled hypertension & diabetes | modifiable factors r/t circulatory problems |
| lipids transported with proteins are called | (lipoproteins) |
| dangerous / “bad”, high cholesterol content, carry cholesterol from liver to cells are what kind of lipoproteins ? | low density lipoproteins (ldl) |
| bind to vascular smooth muscle, invade wall & promote plaque fat formation | low density lipoproteins (ldl) |
| “good”, low cholesterol content, take cholesterol away from cells to liver, excreted in the liver are what kind of lipoprotein ? | high density lipoproteins (hdl) |
| inflammation of a vein is a | phlebitis |
| a clot formation is a | thrombus - |
| the presence of clots | thrombosis - |
| traveling clot or other plug is an | embolus - |
| inflammation of a vein, sluggish blood flow,stasis of blood, immobility, tissue injury/ trauma, increased blood coagulation are | risk factors for thrombus formation |
| development of thrombus inside inflamed vein, clot (platelets),adhere to site,symptomatic | thrombophlebitis |
| piece of thrombus breaks off, flows through venous circulation, flows through heart chambers is the etiology of ? | an embolism |
| blood pressure > 140/90 is defined as | hypertension |
| blood,volume, heart contraction, and peripheral resistance are | blood pressure determinants |
| PRIMARY HYPERTENSION is also called | Essential Hypertension |
| hypertension thats Idiopathic, Consistently above 140/90, Often asymptomatic until crisis is called | essential/primary hypertension |
| Genetics / Race, Age,Gender,Diet & lifestyle,Prolonged stress are contrubuting factors to what type of hypertension | essential/ primary hypertension |
| Damage to arterial walls, sclerosis, left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure and/or ischemia are complications of what type of hypertension | Primary/essential hypertension |
| aneurysm, increased risk of CVA, chronic renal failure, blindness are complications of what type of hypertension | Primary/essential hypertension |
| Renal diseases, Endocrine disorders, CNS disorders - eg. Head injury, Gestational hypertension, are causes of what type of hypertension | secondary hypertension |
| Uncontrollable, severe and rapidly progressive hypertension,Rapid deterioration of organs, are sings opf what type of hypertension | Malignant Hypertension |
| *Recurrent, intermittent brief episodes of substernal pain, Tightness or pressure in chest,May radiate to neck & left arm | are s/s of angina |
| *Pallor, Diaphoresis,*Nausea,*Restlessness / Anxiety, are s/s of | angina |
| Stop activity, Vasodilators - e.g. nitroglycerin,Upright position,Oxygen therapy id Rx for | angina |
| what does not cause permanent damage to the heart muscle unless frequent, prolonged & severe | angina |
| Size and location of infarct determines what ? | severity of damage |
| Occlusion of one of the coronary arteries secondary to, Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis, Embolus,Coronary artery stenosis or spasm, Platelet aggregation are causes of a | heart attack |
Created by:
kfroel4
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