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322 Exam 2

322 Stimulants Depressants Anesthesia

TermDefinition
anorexiants stimulate appetite; not given to children under 12
analeptics stimulate respirations; caffeine
monitor adults taking stimulants often abused, can cause dependence and tolerance, asses cardiovascular status
caffeine use in newborns used to stimulate respirations when in respiratory distress
classes of sedatives and hypnotics benzodiazepines, barbiturates, nonbenzodiazepines
side effects of sedatives residual drowsiness, vivid dreams, respiratory depression, tolerance
side effects of benzodiazepines sedation, lethargy, drowsiness, blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, nausea and vomiting
benzodiazepines teaching avoid alcohol and antidepressants, do not drive or operate machinery; taper dose down
nonbenzodiazepine zolpidem, decreases awareness, hallucinations, can cause sleep eating and driving, changed behavior; do not take more than 4 times a week
ADHD medication teaching last dose 4 to 6 hours before bed, beware of suicidal ideation, check child's growth and beware of vacation holiday
amphetamine methylphenidate and dexmethylphenidate treat ADHD, increase attention span and cognitive performance
amphetamines stimulate release of norepinephrine and dopamine; schedule 2 controlled substance
barbiturates depress cerebral cortex; treat anxiety, seizures and intracranial pressure
balanced anesthesia combination of drugs used; preoperative with opioid, anticholinergic, sedatives, antiemetic, antihistamines, narcotics
topical anesthetics decrease sensitivity of nerve endings in affected areas, numb sensation
general anesthesia analgesia (loss of pain perception), unconsciousness ( loss of awareness), amnesia (inability to recall what took place)
local anesthetics block pain at the site where the drug is given, consciousness is maintained
local anesthetics - esters high risk for allergic reaction
local anesthetics - amides safer and more common; lidocaine
local anesthetics combined with epinephrine decrease bleeding and increase duration
conscious sedation blocks pain at site for minor procedures
side effects of conscious sedation hypotension, post op sensorium, respiratory depression
spinal anesthesia precaution lay flat to decrease drainage
amphetamine used for narcolepsy provigil; improves wakefulness
adult monitor for amphetamines risk for addiction, cardiac conditions
barbiturates action inhibit neuronal impulse conduction in the ascending RAS
nonbenzodiazepine action GABA receptor to influence inhibitory neurotransmission
melatonin receptor agonists ramelteon; works with melatonin in your body so less side effects
topical anesthetics burns, dental procedures
Created by: ahommel
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