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Unit 3: Eukaryotes
Biology study set for TVMSC
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which Organelles are common in Prokaryotic Cells? | |
| Which Organelled are common in Eukaryotic Cells? | |
| Where is the DNA found in a prokaryote? | Free floating |
| Where is the DNA found in a Eukaryote? | In the nucleus |
| What is the difference in structure and function in animal and plant cells? | |
| How do the differences between animals and plant cells allow them to carry out their functions? | |
| What are the three types of protists? | Animal like, Plant like, and Fungus like |
| How do animal like protists proccess energy? | They are heterotrophs (consukme other organisms or dead organic material) |
| How do fungus like protists proccess energy? | Decomposing. |
| How do plant like protists proccess energy? | Photosynthetic. |
| What are some examples of plant-like protists? | Diatoms, Dinoflagellates, and Euglenoids, and Multicellular Algae |
| What are some examples of animal-like protists? | Amoeba, Flagellates, Ciliates, Sprozoans (paristic, move by hosts or fluid). Diseases: Malaria, Sleeping sickness, Giardia, and Dysentery |
| What are some examples of fungus-like protists? | Plasmodial slime mold and water molds |
| What are some diseases associated with protists? | Diseases: Malaria, Sleeping sickness, Giardia, and Dysentery |
| What is the enviromental role of protists? | |
| What are the similarities and differences between the structure of protists and bacteria. | Protists are Eukaryotes and Bacteria are prokaryotes. Can be uni or multicelluar, can cause disease |
| What is the structure of a phospholipid bilayer? | The heads of the phospholipid are hydrophilic which means they are attracted to water. The tails of the phospholipid are hydrophobic which means they are repelled by water. Tails pointing in. |
| What part of a phospholipid is Hydrophobic and what part is Hydrophilic? | The heads are hydrophillic and the tails are hydrophobic |
| What organic molecules are polar vs. nonpolar? | Smaller uncharged molecules are non polar whereas larger charged molecules are polar. |
| Is water polar or nonpolar? | Water is polar |
| What does Hydrophobic mean? | Tendency to repel water |
| What is the function of cholestrol in the cell membrane? | stabilizes the fluidity of the cell membrane.The more cholesterol the less flexible the membrane. |
| What does Hydrophilic mean? | Having a tendency to mix with water |
| How do protiens function in the cell membrane? | act as channels for transport of materials through the cell membrane in active and passive transport. Also involved with reception of molecules and enzyme action. |
| What are marker protiens and why are they necessary to identify the cell? | This enables a person’s immune system to identify its own cells from invading cells |
| How do protiens function as enzymes in the cell? | help speed up chemical reactions and assist in metabolic processes within the body |
| How do protiens act as receptors? | Allows cells to communicate with each other. |
| What are the three types of passive transport? | Osmosis, Diffusion, and Facilitated Difussion |
| What is the movement of materials is diffusion? | Movement of Particles from areas of High Concentration to areas of Low Concentration to reach an equal concentration (Dynamic Equilibrium) |
| What type of materials can pass through the membrane in the process of diffusion? | small, non charged particles |
| What is Osmosis? | Water moving to the higher concentration of solute to dilute it. |
| How can we predict where water is going to move in a given system? | If the solute is Hypo, Hyper, or Isotonic |
| What is the function of Aquaporin? | Auqauporin allows water to quickly move in and out of the cell. |
| What is the function of a contractile vacuole (specialized organelle)? | Controls the water in a protist. Acts as a pump. |
| What is facilitated diffusion? | Materials can also move through some proteins passively from a High concentration to low concentration to reach dynamic equilibrium.Protein channels must be stimulated to open. Larger particles and ions can move this way. |
| What are the protiens functions within facilitated diffusion? | To act as gateways for larger molecules. |
| What is the concentration gradient? | concentration gradient is a measurement of how the concentration of something changes from one place to another. |
| What types of materials can pass through protien channels? | Large, charged particles |
| What does it mean that protien channels are specific? | They only fit with certain particles. |
| What are the three types of active transport? How do each occur in the cell? | Protien Pumps, Exocytosis, and Endocytisis |
| What does active transport require? | Energy or ATP |
| What are protien pumps? | Sodium is pumped out by the phosphate group and pottasium is pumped in. |
| What does it mean to move against the gradient? Why is this an important biological process? | Moving against the gradient is moving from a low to high concentration. |
| What is Vesicle movement? | When vesicles are shipped in or out of the cell |
| Where is the vesicle created in the cell? | golgi apparatus |
| What are two types of vesicle movement? | Exocytosis and Endocytosis |
| What is Endocytosis? | Vesicles ship substances in. |
| What is Exocytosis? | Vesicels ship substances out. |
| If a cell was placed in a Hypertonic solution, where would the water move? Dexcribe the solute concentration difference inside and outside the cell. | Water would move out of the cell to dilute the higher concentration of solute. |
| What does Hypertonic mean? | The solution has a higher concentration of solutes. |
| If a cell was placed in a Hypotonic solution, where would the water move? Dexcribe the solute concentration difference inside and outside the cell. | Water would move into the cell to dilute the higher concentration of solute. |
| What does Hypotonic mean? | The solution has a lower concentration of solutes |
| If a cell was placed in an Isotonic solution, where would the water move? | Little to no change in weight or water |
| What does Isotonic mean? | Both the cell and solution have same concentration value |
| What is the role of the membrane as it relates to homeostasis? | It maintains homeostasis. |
| What does selectivley permeable/ semi permeable membrane mean? | It only lets certain things out and in. |
Created by:
Henry23
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