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biology unit 2-3A

TermDefinition
cell Sac of fluid that is reinforced by proteins and surrounded by membranes
Robert Hooke He was the first person to see cells.
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Observed living cells in a drop of pond water, he named them animalcules.
Basic unit of life The cell is the basic unit of structure and function.
one or more Every living organism is made up of one or more cells.
cell membrane composed of Its composed of individual phospholipids, carbohydrate, and proteins.
Fluid mosaic Because these proteins can move around and float among the lipids, and because so many make up the cell membrane, scientists describe the cell membrane as the fluid mosaic.
Homeostasis By regulating the movements of molecules and other substances from one side of the cell membrane to the other side.
Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
Facilitated diffusion There are hundreds of different proteins, and each protein is keyed to a certain molecule.
Osmosis (an example of facilitated diffusion)Water enters the cell through this process through proteins called aquaporins.
Active transport Requires energy in the form of ATP, from an area of low to high concentration.
Bulk transport Moves larger molecules
Phagocytosis Takes in larger particles, the cytoplasm surrounding a particle packages it up and puts it in a vacuole and engulfs it.
Pinocytosis Takes up liquid.
Exocytosis Removes larger particles.
What is energy It's something that allows work to be done.
energy rules Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, known as the first law of thermodynamics. transferred when moving from one place to another. transformed when it changes from form to another.
Photosynthesis equation 6CO2+6H2O-->C6H12O6+6O2 carbon dioxide+water-->sugar+oxygen
Mitochondria The kreb cycle occurs here, also known as the powerhouse of the cell, and produces ATP
ATP The cells energy source.
ADP Transferring and turning into ATP to produce energy.
Nucleus Contains and protects DNA and RNA
Cell membrane A semipermeable barrier to keep out unwanted visitors.
cell wall Gives structure to plant cells.
Ribosomes Synthesis proteins
Smooth ER Synthesis lipids, phospholipids, and steroids.
Rough ER Produces proteins for the cells functions.
vacuole Takes care of all waste products.
centriole In charge of organizing microtubules to serve as a type of skeletal system.
Golgi apparatus Packages and transports proteins throughout the cell.
chloroplasts allows plants to perform photosynthesis.
vesicles Transport, metabolism, and enzyme storage are what these take care of in the cell.
lysosomes This is basically the digestive system of the cell.
cytoplasm Holding the components of the cell in place and to protect them from damage.
Created by: shane_day
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