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Clean Energy Midterm
CTE Innovation Center
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Direct Current | An electric current that only flows one direction through a wire |
| Horsepower | A measurement of power or the rate at which work is done in reference to the output of an engine or motor; roughly equivalent to 500 foot-pounds per second |
| Parallel Circuit | An electrical path that branches so that the current divides and only parts of it flows through any branch. The voltage stays the same, but the current increases |
| Voltage | The "pressure" from an electrical circuit's power source that pushes charged electrons (current) through a conducting loop. Also known as the electromotive force (emf) |
| Watts | A unit used to measure power (P) which is equivalent to 1 Joule per second; equivalent to voltage multiplied by current (P=V*I) |
| Transesterification | An organic reaction in which oil is reacted with an alcohol and potassium hydroxide catalyst to create biodiesel |
| Fatty Acids | A long chain of lipids that compose triglycerides; found in all oils and in the human body |
| Conduction | The process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance when there is a temperature or electrical potential difference |
| Alternating Current | A type of electrical current where the direction of electron flow switches back and forth at regular intervals or cycles |
| Torque | A force that causes or produces rotation or torsion |
| Solar Insolation | The amount of solar radiation that hits on a horizontal surface over a specified time for a given location; measured in kilowatt-hours per square meter per day |
| Current | The movement of charged particles through a wire; expressed in Amperes or Amps |
| Kilowatt-hours | A measurement of electrical energy equivalent to consuming 1,000 Watts for one hour; found by multiplying power (in kilowatts) times the amount of time it is used (in hours) |
| Glycerol | A naturally occurring alcohol that is a byproduct of reacting oil with methanol and potassium hydroxide; can be used to make soaps, lotions, and TNT (dynamite)4 |
| Solder | A fusible metal alloy that can be melted to create a permanent bond between two metal workpieces |
| Convection | The movement of heat from a warmer object to a cooler object through a fluid such as water or air |
| Stator | A part of an electric motor that provides a magnetic field that drives the armatures to rotate; similar to a permanent magnet |
| Revolutions per Minute | A unit of rotational speed that is directly related to the horsepower and torque of a motor; the higher the RPM, the higher the torque and higher the horsepower |
| Photovoltaic Effect | The process that generates a voltage or electric current in a photovoltaic cell when it is exposed to sunlight |
| Resistance | The opposition to the current flow in an electrical circuit. Measured in Ohms which is symbolized by the Greek letter Omega (Ω) |
| Heat Transfer | The movement of heat energy from a warmer object to a cooler object until both objects are the same temperature (thermal equilibrium) |
| Esters | an organic compound made by replacing the hydrogen of an acid by an alkyl or other organic group |
| Soldering Iron | A tool used for melting solder and applying it to metals to be joined; commonly used in electrical circuits to repair pieces |
| Commutator | A rotating electrical switch that reverses the direction of current between the rotor and the electrical circuit peridoically |
| Series Circuit | An electrical path where all components are connected end on end to form a simple path for current to flow; current only flows ONE direction |
| Ohm's Law | A mathematical relationship between voltage (electrical potential), current, and resistance. The formula is Voltage (V) = Current (I) * Resistance |
| Power | The rate at which electrical energy is transferred in a circuit. Equivalent to the voltage multiplied by the current (P = V * I) |
| Thermosiphon | A passively driven thermal system that utilizes the natural flows of convection and conduction due to differences in density of hot and cold water |
| Biodiesel | A renewable biodegradable fuel made from reacting methanol and potassium hydroxide with vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled restaurant grease. |
| Radiation | A process in which heat waves are emitted and absorbed; the sun emits heat that can be absorbed or reflected by earth |
| Horsepower | TxRPM |
| Inverter | a device that converts DC electricity into AC electricity; solar panels use DC which can't be used by the grid |
| Specific Heat | the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one degree celsius |
Created by:
rcooke
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