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Macromolecules- Bio

For test on 10/16/23

TermDefinition
What is a monomer? A small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
What are carbohydrates? A compound made up of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms; type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body
What is a simple sugar? Monosaccharides (single (UNO) sugar molecule) in the biological structure of a ring; An IMMEDIATE energy supply for the body. Ex- glucose, fructose, galactose [for in the body], and fructose found in fruits or [possibly] honey
What is a polymer? Molecules composed/made up of many monomers; makes up macromolecules
What is a complex carbohydrate? Many sugars; short-term energy supply for the body
What are nucleic acids, and what is the sub-unit? Macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus; Nucleotides
What is the single unit of carbohydrates? Monosaccharides
What is the single unit of proteins? Amino Acids
What is the single unit of lipids? Fatty acids and glycerol (to form lipids)
Examples of proteins are? Seafood, Poultry, Meats, etc.
Examples of lipids are? Fats, oils and waxes
What are the TWO functions of nucleic acids? -Nucleotides capture/transfer energy -Store and transmit heredity/genetic information
What are the TWO functions of Lipids? -Store energy -Form important parts of membrane waterproof coverings
What are the functions of Carbohydrates? -Store and release energy -Structural support and protection -Supplies energy to cells
What are the functions of proteins? -Structure -Control reactions -Regulation of cells -Fight disease
Water forms a _________________ bond Hydrogen
Name at least four characteristics of water -Hydrogen bonding -Expands upon freezing -Dissolves many substances -Cohesion -Adhesion -Heat Capacity
Water is __________ molecules, so it forms a hydrogen bond by attraction of OPPOSITE SIDES (+, -) Polar molecules
_____________ is the attraction between molecules of the same substance Cohesion
_____________ is the force of attraction between different kinds of molecules Adhesion
An ________ produces hydrogen (H+) ions in solution; they also have pH values below 7 Acid
A ________ produces hydroxide (OH-) ions in solution; they also have pH values above 7 Base
________ has pH value of 7 Neutral
Created by: IndiGaming
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