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7th SLO Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Energy | the energy to do work or cause change |
| Motion | the state in which one object's distance from another is changing |
| Force | a push or pull exerted on an object |
| Work | force exerted on an object that causes it to move |
| Power | the rate at which one form of energy is transformed into another |
| Kinetic energy | energy that an object has due to its motion |
| Potential energy | the energy an object has because of its position; internal stored energy of an object, such as chemical bonds |
| Nuclear energy | the potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom |
| Chemical energy | a form of potential energy that is stored in chemical bonds between atoms |
| Electrical energy | the energy of electric charges |
| Electromagnetic radiation | the energy transferred through space by electromagnetic waves |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | the rule that energy cannot be created or destroyed |
| Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Physical Property | a characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance |
| Chemical Property | a characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to change into different substance |
| Atom | basic particle from which all elements are made; smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element |
| Element | a substance that contains one kind of atom and cannot be broken down into a simpler form |
| Mass | a measure of how much matter is in an object; SI unit g or kg |
| Volume | the amount of space that matter occupies; SI unit cm or mL |
| Density | the measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume; SI unit g/cm2 or g/mL2 |
| Physical Change | a change that alters the form or appearance of a material but does not make the material into another substance |
| Chemical Change | a chemical in which one or more substances combine or break apart to form new substances |
| Mixture | two or more substances that are together in the same place but their atoms are not chemically bonded |
| Reactant | a substance that enters into a chemical reaction |
| Product | a substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction |
| Law of conservation of mass | the principle that the total amount of matter remains the same; regardless of any chemical or physical change |
| Decomposition reaction | opposite of synthesis reaction where compounds break down into simpler products |
| Autotroph | an organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food |
| Heterotroph | an organism that cannot make its own food, but gets food by consuming other living things |
| Chlorophyll | a green photosynthesis pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria |
| Cellular respiration | the process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex series of chemical reactions inside cells, releasing energy |
| Organism | a living thing |
| Biotic factor | a living or once-living part of an organism's habitat |
| Abiotic factor | a nonliving part of an organism's habitat |
| Population | all the members of one species living in the same area |
| Community | all the different populations that live together in a certain area |
| Ecosystem | the community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving environment |
| Producer | an organism that can make its own food |
| Consumer | an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms |
| Decomposer | breaks down biotic wastes and dead organisms, returning raw materials to the ecosystem |
| Food chain | a series of events in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and by being eaten |
| Competition | the struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resources in the same place at the same time |
| Predation | an interaction in which one organism kills another for food or nutrients |
| Symbiosis | any relationship in which two species live closely together and that benefits at least one of the same species |
| Commensalism | a type of symbiosis between two species in which one species benefits and the other species is neither helped nor harmed |
| Mutualism | a type of symbiosis in which both species benefit from living together |
| Parasitism | a type of symbiosis in which one organism lives with, on, or in a host and harms it |
| Keystone species | a species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem |
| Invasive species | species that are not native to a habitat and can out-compete native species in an ecosystem |
| photosynthesis | the process by which plants and other autotrophs capture and use light energy to make food from carbon dioxide and water |
Created by:
muellershauna
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