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Human Body systems
Term | Definition |
---|---|
tissue | a group of similar cells that perform a specific function |
organ | a body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues that work together |
organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform a major function |
Gland | an organ that produces and releases chemicals either through ducts or into the bloodstream |
Hormone | (1)the chemical produced by an endocrine gland (2)a chemical that affects growth and development |
stress | the reaction of a person's body to potentially threatening,challenging,or disturbing events |
Interactions | the direct effect that one thing has on another |
stable | resistant to sudden change |
Digestion | the process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules |
Nutrients | the substances in food that provide the raw materials the body's cells need to carry out all their essential processes |
Absorption | the process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood |
carbohydrates | a energy-rich organic compound such as sugar or starch that is made of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen |
peristalsis | Waves of smooth muscles contractions that move food through the esophagus toward the stomach |
saliva | Fluid released from glands in the mouth that play an important role in mechanical and chemical digestion |
enzymes | Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body |
elimination | An organ system that transports needed materials to cells and remove waste |
circulatory system | an organ system that transports needed materials to cells and removes waste |
contract | to draw together to reduce in size |
artery | a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
vein | a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart |
capillary | a tiny blood vessel where subtances are excanged between the blood and body cells |
lymph | fluid that travels through the lymphatic system consisting of water,white blood cells and dissolved materials |
bronchi | the two passages that direct air into the lungs |
alveoil | tiny thin-walked sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood |
Excretion | the process of moving wastes |
Nephron | small filtering structure in the kidneys that removes waste from blood and produces urine |
Neuron | a cell that carries information through the nervous system |
synapse | the junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to another neuron |
impulse | the message carried by neuron |
Brain | the part of the central nervous system that is located in the skull and controls most functions of the body |
spinal cord | thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves that branch out through the body |
Reflex | automatic response that occurs without conscious control through the somatic nervous system |
Negative feedback | the process by which a system is turned off by the condition it produces |