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Human Body systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| tissue | a group of similar cells that perform a specific function |
| organ | a body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues that work together |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform a major function |
| Gland | an organ that produces and releases chemicals either through ducts or into the bloodstream |
| Hormone | (1)the chemical produced by an endocrine gland (2)a chemical that affects growth and development |
| stress | the reaction of a person's body to potentially threatening,challenging,or disturbing events |
| Interactions | the direct effect that one thing has on another |
| stable | resistant to sudden change |
| Digestion | the process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules |
| Nutrients | the substances in food that provide the raw materials the body's cells need to carry out all their essential processes |
| Absorption | the process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood |
| carbohydrates | a energy-rich organic compound such as sugar or starch that is made of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen |
| peristalsis | Waves of smooth muscles contractions that move food through the esophagus toward the stomach |
| saliva | Fluid released from glands in the mouth that play an important role in mechanical and chemical digestion |
| enzymes | Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body |
| elimination | An organ system that transports needed materials to cells and remove waste |
| circulatory system | an organ system that transports needed materials to cells and removes waste |
| contract | to draw together to reduce in size |
| artery | a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
| vein | a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart |
| capillary | a tiny blood vessel where subtances are excanged between the blood and body cells |
| lymph | fluid that travels through the lymphatic system consisting of water,white blood cells and dissolved materials |
| bronchi | the two passages that direct air into the lungs |
| alveoil | tiny thin-walked sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood |
| Excretion | the process of moving wastes |
| Nephron | small filtering structure in the kidneys that removes waste from blood and produces urine |
| Neuron | a cell that carries information through the nervous system |
| synapse | the junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to another neuron |
| impulse | the message carried by neuron |
| Brain | the part of the central nervous system that is located in the skull and controls most functions of the body |
| spinal cord | thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves that branch out through the body |
| Reflex | automatic response that occurs without conscious control through the somatic nervous system |
| Negative feedback | the process by which a system is turned off by the condition it produces |
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