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Human Body Systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tissue | A group of similar cells that perform a specific function. |
| organ | a body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform a major function. |
| gland | an organ that produces and releases chemicals either through ducts or into the bloodstream. |
| hormone | 1 the chemical produced by an endocrine gland.2 a chemical that affects growth and development. |
| stress | the reaction of a persons body to potentially threatening,challenging, or disturbing events. |
| interactions | the direct effect that one thing has another. |
| stable | resistant to sudden change. |
| digestion | the process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules |
| nutrients | the substances in food that provide the raw materials in the body's cells need to carry out all their essential processes. |
| absorption | the process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood. |
| carbohydrates | an energy-rich organic compound, such as sugar or starch ,that is made of the elements carbon,hydrogen and oxygen. |
| peristalsis | waves of smooth muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus toward the stomach. |
| Saliva | fluid releases from glands in the mouth that play an important role in mechanical and chemical digestion. |
| enzymes | proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body. |
| elimination | act of removal of materials from the body. |
| circulatory system | an organ system that transports needed materials to cells and removes wastes. |
| contract | to draw together to reduce in size . |
| artery | a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. |
| vein | a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart. |
| capillary | a tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanged between the blood and the body cells. |
| lymph | fluid that travels through the lymphatic system consisting of water,white blood cells,and dissolved materials. |
| bronchi | the two passages that directed air into the lungs. |
| alveoli | tiny thin walled sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood. |
| excretion | the process of moving wastes. |
| nephron | a cell that carries information through the nervous system. |
| synapse | the junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to another neuron. |
| impulse | the message carried by a neuron. |
| brain | the part of the central nervous system that is located in the skull and controls most functions of the body. |
| spinal cord | thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves that branch out through the body. |
| reflex | automatic response that occurs without conscious control through the somatic nervous system. |
| negative feedback | the process by which a system is turned off by the condition it produces. |
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