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human body systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| tissue | a group of similar cells that perform a specific function |
| organ | a body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues that work together |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform a major function |
| gland | an organ that produces and releases chemicals either through ducts or in the bloodstream |
| hormone | (1) the chemicals produced by an endocrine gland (2) a chemical that affects growth and development |
| stress | the reactions of a persons body to potentially threatening, challenging, or disturbing events |
| interactions | the direct effect that one thing has on another |
| stable | resistant to sudden change |
| digestion | the process by witch your body breaks down food into small nutrients molecules |
| nutrients | the substances in food that provide the raw materials the bodys cells need to carry out all their essential processes |
| absorption | the process by which the nutrient mole pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood |
| carbohydrates | a energy-rich organic compound such as sugar or starch that is made of the elements carbon hydrogen and oxygen |
| peristalsis | waves of smooth muscle concrtion that move food through the esophagus towards the stomach |
| saliva | fluids released from glands in the mouth that play an important role in mechanical and chemical digestion |
| enzymes | proteins that speed up chemicals reactions in the body |
| elimination | act of removal of materials from the body |
| circulatory system | an organ system that transports needed materials to cells and removes waste |
| contract | to draw together to reduce in size |
| artery | a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
| vein | a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart |
| capillary | a tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanged between the blood and body cells |
| lymph | fluid that travels through the lymphatic system consisting of water white blood cells and dissolved materials |
| bronchi | the two passages that direct air into the lungs |
| alevoli | tiny thinned-walled sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood |
| excretion | the process of moving waste |
| nephron | small filtering struture in the kidneys that remove waste from blood and produces urine |
| neuron | a cell that carries information through the nervous system |
| synapse | the junction where one neuron can trasfer an impulse to another neuron |
| impulse | the message carried by a neuron |
| brain | the part of the central nervous system that is located in the skull and controls functions in the body |
| spinal cord | thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves that branch out through the body |
| reflex | automatic response that occurs without conscious controls through the somatic nervous system |
| negative feedback | the process by witch a system is turned off by the conditions it produces |
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