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Human Body Systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tissue | a group of similar cells that perform a specific function |
| organ | a body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues that work together |
| organ systems | a group of organs that work together to perform a major function |
| Gland | a organ that produces and releases chemicals either through ducts or into the bloodstream |
| Hormone | (1) the chemicals produced by an endocrine gland (2) A chemical that affects growth and development |
| stress | the reaction of a persons body to potentially threatening challenging, or disturbing events |
| interactions | the direct effect that one thing has on another |
| stable | resistant to sudden change |
| digestion | the process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrients molecules |
| nutrients | the substances in food that provide the raw materials the body's cell need need to carry out all their essential processes |
| absorption | The process by which nutrients molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood |
| carbohydrates | a energy- rich organic compound, such as sugar or starch, that is made of the elements carbon , hydrogen and oxygen |
| peristalsis | waves of smooth muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus toward the stomach |
| saliva | fluid released from glands in the mouth that play an important role in mechanical and chemical digestion |
| enzymes | proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body |
| elimination | act of removal of materials from the body |
| circulatory system | an organ system that transports needed materials to cells and removes waste |
| contract | to draw together; to reduce in size |
| artery | a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
| vein | a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart |
| capillary | a tiny blood vessel where substances are exchange between the blood and body cell |
| lymph | Fluid that travels through the lymphatic system consisting of water, white blood , and dissolved materials |
| Bronchi | the two passages that direct air into the lungs |
| Alveoli | tiny thin-walled sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood |
| excretion | the process of moving states |
| nephron | small filtering structure in the kidneys hat removes water from the blood and produces urine |
| Neuron | a cell that carries information through the nervous system |
| synapse | the junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to another neuron |
| impulse | the message carried by a neuron |
| brain | the part of the central nervous system that is located in the skull and controls most function of the body |
| spinal cord | thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves that branch out through the body |
| reflex | automatic response that occurs without conscious control through the somatic nervous system |
| negative feedback | the process by which a system is turned off by the condition it produces |
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