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Human Body Systems

Vocab on Human Body Systems

TermDefinition
Tissue A group of similar cells that perform a specific function
Organ A body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues that work together
Organ system A group of organs that work together to perform a major function
Gland An organ that produces and releases chemicals either through ducts or into the bloodstream
Hormone The chemical produced by an endocrine gland; A chemical that affects growth and/or development
Stress The reaction of a person's body to potentially threatening, challenging, or disturbing events
Interactions The direct effect one thing has on another
Stable Resistant to sudden change
Digestion The process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules
Nutrients the substances in food that provide the raw materials the body's cells need to carry out essential processes
Absorption The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood stream
Carbohydrates/Carbs An energy-rich organic compound, such as sugar or starch, which is made out of the elements Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
Peristalsis Waves of smooth muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus to the stomach
Saliva Fluid released from glands in the mouth that play an important role in mechanical and chemical digestion
Enzymes Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body
Elimination An act of removing materials from the body
Circulatory System An organ system that transports needed materials to cells and removes waste
Contract To draw together; to reduce in size
Artery A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
Vein A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart
Capillary A tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanged between the blood and body cells
Lymph Fluid that travels through the lymphatic system consisting of water, white blood cells, and dissolved materials
Bronchi The two passages that direct air to the lungs
Aveoli Tiny thin-walled sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood
Excretion The process of moving wastes
Nephron Small filtering structure in the kidneys that removes wastes from blood and produces urine (pee)
Neuron A cell that carries info through the nervous system
Synapse The junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to another neuron
Impulse The message carried by a neuron
Brain The part of the central nervous system that is located in the skull and controls most functions of the body
Spinal Cord Thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerve that branch out through the body
Reflex Automatic response that occurs without conscious control through the somatic nervous system
Negative Feedback The process by which a system is turned off by the condition it produces
Created by: user-1717802
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