click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Human Body Systems
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Tissue | a group of similar cells that perform a specific function |
Organ | a body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues that work together |
Organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform a major function |
Gland | an organ that produces and releases chemicals either through ducts or into the bloodstrem |
Hormone | 1)the chemical produced by an endocrine 2)a chemical that affects growth and development |
Stress | the reaction of a person's body to potentially threatening,challenging ,or disturbing events |
Interactions | the direct effect that one thing has on another |
Stable | resistant to sudden change |
Digestion | the process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules |
Nutrients | the substances in food that provide the raw materials the body's cells need to carry out all their essential processes |
Absorption | the process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into blood |
Carbohydrates | an energy -rich organic compound such as sugar or starch that is made of elements carbon hydrogen and oxygen |
Peristalsis | waves of smooth muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus toward the stomach |
Saliva | fluid released from glands in the mouth that play an important role in mechanical and chemical digestion |
Enzymes | proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body |
Elimination | Act of removal of materials from the body |
Circulatory system | an organ system that transports needed materials to cells and removes waste |
Contract | to draw together ; to reduce in size |
Artery | a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
Vein | a blood vessel that carries blood back to heart |
Capillary | a tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanged between the blood and body cells |
Lymph | Fluid that travels through the lymphatic system consisting of water, white blood cells, and dissolved materials |
Bronchi | the two passages that direct air into the lungs |
Alveoli | tiny thin-walled sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood |
Excretion | the process of moving wastes |
Nephron | small filtering structure in the kidneys that removes wastes from blood and produces urine |
Neuron | a cell that carries info through the nervous system |
Synapse | the junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to another neuron |
Impulse | the message carried by a neuron |
Brain | the part of the central nervous system that is located in the skull and controls most functions of the body |
Spinal cord | thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves that branch out through the body |
Reflex | automatic response that occurs without conscious control through the somatic nervous system |
Negative feedback | the process by which a system is turned of by the condition it produces |