Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio103
5,7,8 Study Guide
| What type of molecule is a phospholipid? | amiphopathic |
| Which part of phospholipids are hydrophilic, which part is hydrophobic? | phospholipid head= hydrophilic (easily interacts with water) phospholipid tail (fatty acids)=hydrophobic (not soluble with water) |
| integral membrane proteins | hydrophobic regions that interact with the fatty tails of the membrane |
| transmembrane proteins | proteins that pass through the entire membrane |
| Why are membranes selectively permeable? | because they let some, but not all, substances pass |
| What type of molecules easily permeate the plasma membranes? | small nonpolar molecules |
| ABC transporters | uses energy donated by ATP to transport certain ions and other molecules across the membrane |
| aquaporins | gated water channels that move water quickly (rapid transport) through the plasma membrane in response to osmotic gradients |
| What are the 2 types of diffusion? | simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion |
| What is an example of simple diffusion? | spraying perfume/ lighting a candle and the scent naturally spreading |
| osmosis (or diffusion of water) | movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane from a region of HIGHER concentration to a region of LOWER concentration, which requires no energy |
| hypertonic solution | solution of high solute; cells loose water and shrink |
| hypotonic solution | solution has a low solute; cells gain water and swell |
| isotonic solution | same solution; no movement with cell |
| exocytosis | exportation of waste materials or specific products of secretion by the fusion of a vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell |
| sun | ultimate source of energy for all living things |
| What are the 2 forms of energy? | potential energy and kinetic energy |
| potential energy | stored energy |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| closed system | a system that does not exchange energy with its surroundings |
| open system | organisms that exchange energy with their surroundings |
| metabolism | sum of all chemical activities taking place in an organism |
| anabolism | complex molecules are synthesized from simpler substances |
| catabolism | large molecules are broken down into smaller ones |
| oxidized | substances that give up energy (looses electrons) |
| reduced | substances that receive energy |
| Why do enzymes lower the activation energy? | to speed up the rate of the reaction |
| activation energy | the energy required to break existing bonds |
| What are enzymes referred to? | biological catalysts because they affect the speed of chemical reactions without being consumed |
| What are the 4 stages of aerobic respiration of glucose? | 1. glycolysis 2. formation of acetyl coenzyme A 3. citric acid cycle 4. electron transport |
| Where does gylcolysis take place? | in the cytosol of the cell |
| What happens in the first phase of glycolysis? | 2 ATP molecules are consumed and glucose is split into 2 glceraldehyde phosphate molecules |
| What happens in the 2nd phase of glycolysis? | each of the molecules resulting from the splitting of glucose is oxidized and transformed into pyruvate molecules |
| What happens in eukaryotes during the formation of acetyl coenzyme A? | in eukaryotes, pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA in the mitochondria matrix of the cell |
| What does the 8 step citric cycle complete? | the oxidation of glucose |
| For each acetyl group that enters the citric acid cycle... | 3 NAD+ are produced, 2 molecules of CO2 are produced, and 1 FADH2 is made |
| Anerobic respiration is performed by.... | some prokaryotes that live in anaerobic environments such as waterlogged soil, stagnant ponds, and animal intestines |
Created by:
lacim05
Popular Biology sets