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8th SLO Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Gravity | the attractive force between objects; the force that moves objects downhill |
| Heredity | the passing of traits from parents to offspring |
| inheritance | the process by which an offspring recieves genes from its parents |
| Instinct | a response to a stimulus that is inborn |
| Meiosis | the process that occurs in the formation of sex cells (sperm and egg) by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half |
| Messenger RNA | type of RNA that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to ribosomes in the cytoplasm |
| Metamorphosis | a process in which an animal's body undergoes major changes in shape and form during its life cycle |
| Migration | the regular, seasonal journey of an animal from one place to another and back again |
| Mitosis | the second stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleaus divides into two new nuclei and one set of DNA is distributed into each daughter cell |
| Motion | the state in which one object's distance from another is changing |
| Mutation | any change in the DNA of a gene or a chromosome |
| Natural selection | the process by which organisms that are best adapted to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce |
| Net force | the overall force on an object when all the individual forces acting on it are added together |
| Newton | a unit of measurement that equals the force required to accelerate 1 kilogram of mass at 1 meter per second |
| Pedigree | a tool that geneticists use to map out the inheritance of traits |
| Phenotype | an organism's physical appearance, or visible traits |
| Pheromone | a chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior of another animal of the same species |
| Photoperiodism | a plant's response to seasonal changes in the length of night and day |
| Pollination | the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structures to female reproductive structures in plants |
| Protein synthesis | the process by which amino acids link together to form proteins |
| Scientific theory | a well-tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experimental results |
| Sexual reproduction | a reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism which differs from both parents |
| Slope | the steepness of a graph line; the ratio of the vertical change (the rise) to the horizontal change (the run) |
| Speed | the distance an object travels per unit of time |
| Static Electricity | a buildup of charges on an object |
| Transfer RNA | the type of RNA in the cytoplasm that carries an amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis |
| Tropism | a plant's growth response toward or away from a stimulus |
| Velocity | speed in a given direction |
| work | force exerted on an object that causes it to move |
| Weight | a measure of the force of gravity acting on an object |
| Acceleration | the rate at which velocity changes |
| Adaptation | an inherited behavior or physical characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment |
| Artificial selection | the process by which humans breed only those organisms with desired traits to produce the next generation; selective breeding |
| Asexual reproduction | a reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent |
| Chromosome | threadlike structure within a cell's nucleus that contains DNA that is passed from one generation to the next |
| Clone | an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced |
| Conductor | a material that allows electric charges to flow or conduct heat well |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring |
| Dormancy | a period of time when an organism's growth or activity stops |
| Electric Circuit | a complete, unbroken path through wich electric charges can flow |
| Electric Field | the region around a charged object where the object's electric force is exerted on other charged objects |
| Electric Force | the force between charged objects |
| Endosymbiosis | a relationship in which one organism lives inside another organism's cells |
| Force | a push or pull exerted on an object |
| Fossil | the preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past |
| Friction | the force that two substances exert on each other when they rub against each other |
| Gene therapy | the process of replacing an absent or faulty gene with a normal working gene to treat a disease or medical disorder |
| Genetic engineering | the transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another organism, in order to produce an organism with desired traits |
| Genotype | an organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations |
| Germination | the sprouting of the embryo out of a seed; occus when the embryo resumes its growth following dormacy |
Created by:
muellershauna
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