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RTE 2712 Week 4
RTE 2712 Week 4 cardiovascular: Blood
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The formed elements of the blood consist of | Red, and white blood cells, and platelets |
| Loose connective tissue and cartilage contain a network of insoluble fibers, whereas plasma, a fluid connective tissue, contains | Dissolved proteins |
| Blood transports dissolved gases, bringing oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carrying | carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs |
| The "patrol agents" in the blood that defend the body against toxins and pathogens are | white blood cells and antibodies |
| The unique composition of whole blood consists of | plasma and formed elements |
| In addition to water and proteins, plasma contains | albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen |
| The three primary classes of plasma proteins are | albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen |
| The primary function(s) of plasma is(are) | absorbing and releasing heat as needed by the body, transporting ions, transporting RBC's |
| The plasma proteins that attack foreign proteins and pathogens are called | immunoglobulins |
| The fluid left after the clotting proteins are removed from plasma is known as | serum |
| Formed elements in the blood are produced by the process of | hemopoiesis |
| The stem cells that produce all the blood cells are called | hemocytoblasts |
| In adults, the only site of RBC and WBC production is the | Red bond marrow |
| The primary function(s) of a mature red blood cell is(are) | transport of respiratory gases |
| Circulating mature red bloods cells lack | mitochondria, ribosomes, and nuclei |
| RBC production is regulated by the hormone | erythropoietin |
| The average lifespan of a red blood cell is | 120 days |
| The function of hemoglobin is to | carry oxygen |
| Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the | Spleen, liver, and bone marrow |
| The important effect(s) on RBCs' functions due to their unusual shape is(are) | it enables RBCs to form stacks, it gives each RBC a large surface-area-to-volume ration, and it enables RBCs to bend and flex when entering small capillaries |
| Red blood cells are called | erythrocytes |
| A person's blood type is determined by the | presence or absence of specific antigens on the cell membrane |
| Individuals with type A blood have | B agglutinins in their plasma |
| Agglutinogens are contained (on,in) the_____, while the agglutinins are found (on,in) the ____. | Cell membrane of RBC; plasma |
| The blood of a person with type O blood | contains anti-A and anti-B agglutinins |
| Rh-negative blood indicates the | absence of the Rh antigen |
| A type O person can donate blood to a type A person because | A type O person does not have any antigens to be attacked by the type A blood |
| When blood types are incompatible, the blood will | Clump and agglutinate |
| The two types of agranular leukocytes found in the blood are | monocytes and lymphocytes |
| Based on their standing characteristics, the types of granular leukocytes found in the blood are | neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils |
| The number of eosinophils increase dramatically during | an allergic reaction or a parasitic infection |
| The type of leukocyte responsible for the red, swollen condition in inflamed tissue is the | basophil |
| The multilobed white blood cell that typically fights bacteria is the | neutrophil |
| The leukocyte that fuses with another of its kind to create a giant phagocytic cell is the | monocyte |
| The most numerous WBCs in a normal WBC differential are the | neutrophils |
| WBCs that release histamine at the site of an injury are | basophils |
| WBCs other than lymphocytes are regulated by hormones called | colony-stimulating factors(CFSs) |
| In adults, the production of B&T lymphocytes is regulated primarily by exposure to antigens such as | Toxins, cells, and foreign proteins |
| The WBCs that are important in producing antibodies are the | lymphocytes |
| The normal number of WBCs in a healthy person is _____/mm^3 | 6000-9000 |
| Platelets are formed elements in human blood that visually appear as | cell fragments |
| Platelets are responsible for | initiating the clotting process |
| Platelet production is called | thrombocytopoiesis |
| The average concentration of platelets in each microliter of circulating blood is | 350,000/ul |
| Basophils are specialized WBCs that | contain histamine that exaggerates the inflammatory response at the injury site |
| Hemostasis is a process consisting of three overlapping phases. The correct order of the phases is | Vascular phase, Platelet phase, Coagulation phase |
| The extrinsic pathway in blood clotting involves the release of | tissue factor by damaged endothelial cells |
| The common pathway in blood clotting involves the following events, in correct sequential order | prothrombin-thrombin-fibrinogen-fibrin |
| During the clotting process, platelets function in | transporting chemicals important for clotting, contraction after clot formation, initiating the clotting process |
| A blood clot attached to blood vessel wall is called a(n) | thrombus |
| The process of fibrinolysis | dissolves clots |
| The vitamin needed for the formation of clotting factors is | Vitamin K |
| A drifting blood clot is called a(n) | embolus |
| A clotting protein found in the bloodstream and made liver is | fibrinogen |
| Hemopoiesis | blood cell formation |
| Hematocrit | packed cell volume |
| increased hematocrit | dehydration |
| decreased hematocrit | internal bleeding |
| leukocytosis | excessive WBCs |
| microphages | neutrophils, eosinophils |
| antibodies | agglutinins |
| stem cells | hemocytoblasts |
| surface antigens | agglutinogens |
| diapedesis | WBC migration |
| List the five primary functions of the blood | transports dissolved gases, regulates interstitial fluid, restricts fluid losses, defends the body against toxins and pathogens, helps regulate body temp |
| What are the three primary classes of plasma proteins | albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen |
| List the three kinds of granular leukocytes | neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils |
| List two kinds of agranular WBCs | monocytes and lymphocytes |
| What are the three primary functions of platelets | transport of chemicals important to the clotting, formation of a plug in the walls of damaged blood vessels, and active contraction after clot formation |
| List the events in the clotting response | Vascular phase, platelet phase, coagulation phase, clot retraction, and clot destruction |
| What is an embolus | a drifting blood clot |
| What is an thrombus | a blood clot that sticks to the wall of an intact blood vessel |
Created by:
Joker71
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