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Unit 4 Vocab

CHEM 142 Unit 4 Vocab

TermDefinition
Coulomb's Law Potential energy associated with the attraction and repulsion of charged particles
Shielding Valence electrons "feel" less pull from the nucleus that core electrons do
Penetration The possibility of high-energy electrons approaching areas closer to the nucleus
Degenerate States States that have the same energy as each other
Core Electrons Electrons in the inner "n" levels ( n < n_max )
Valence Electrons Electrons in the outmost (highest) "n" level
Ground State The configuration of electrons in which all electrons are in as low as energy orbital as possible
Excited State Any configuration in which at least one electron is in higher-than-baseline energy orbital
Aufbau Principle Fill electrons from low energy to high energy
Hund's Rule Maximize spin alignment in degenerate orbitals and don't pair spins unless necessary
Isoelectric Species containing the same electron configuration
Effective Nuclear Charge The amount of protons an orbiting electron "feels"
Paramagnetic Electron configurations with unpaired electrons
Diamagnetic Electron configurations with no unpaired electrons
Ionization Energy Amount of energy needed to remove an electron from an atom/ion
Electron Affinity Amount of energy gained or released when an atom or ion gains an electron
Pauling Electronegativity The power of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons to itself
Created by: user-1742018
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