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Chapter 6
CNA
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Antimicrobial | an agent that destroys, resists, or prevents the development of pathogens |
| Autoclave | Piece of equipment used to sterilize articles by way of steam under pressure and/or dry heat |
| Blood borne pathogens | microorganisms in human blood which can cause infection and disease in humans |
| Bloodborne Pathogen Standard | federal law requiring that healthcare facilities protect employees from bloodborne health hazards |
| body fluids | tears, saliva, sputum (mucous coughed up), urine, feces, semen, vaginal secretions, and pus or other wound drainage |
| CRE | Carbapenem |
| Carrier | person who carries a pathogen usually without signs or symptoms of disease, but who can still spread the disease |
| catheter | Tube inserted into vessels or body cavities to permit injection or withdrawal of fluids or to keep a passage open |
| C. difficile | pseudomembranous colitis, clostridium difficile |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| clean | a condition in which an object has not been contaminated with pathogens |
| communicable disease | disease that is transmitted from one individual to another by direct or indirect contact |
| contagious disease | a type of communicable disease that spreads quickly from person to person |
| contaminated | soiled, unclean |
| having disease | causing organisms or infectious material on it |
| cross infection | the physical movement or transfer of harmful bacteria from one person, object, or place to another, or from one part of the body to another |
| Dehydration | An abnormally low amount of water in the body. |
| direct contact | exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact |
| dirty | object contaminated with pathogens |
| Disinfection | A process that eliminates many, but not all microorganisms |
| doff | to take off, to remove |
| don | to put on |
| drainage | flow of fluids from a wound or cavity |
| exposure control plan | plan that outlines specific work practices to prevent exposure to infectious material and identifies step |
| Exposure incident | specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non |
| Fomite | Any inanimate object to which infectious material adheres and can be transmitted and transferred to another person |
| hand hygiene | washing hands with soap and water or alcohol |
| hand rubs | an alcohol |
| Healthcare | associated infection (HAI) |
| Hepatitis | inflammation of the liver |
| immunity | the ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells. |
| incubation period | the period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the first symptoms |
| indirect contact | Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object. |
| infection | the state resulting from pathogens invading the body and multiplying |
| infection prevention | the set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease |
| infectious disease | A disease that is caused by a pathogen and that can be spread from one individual to another. |
| isolate | to keep something separate, or by itself |
| localized infection | an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms |
| malnutrition | a serious condition in which a person is not getting proper nutrition |
| medical asepsis | measures used to reduce, remove, and prevent the spread of pathogens |
| microbe | a living thing or organism that is so small that it is only visible under a microscope |
| also called microorganism | |
| Microorganism (MO) | a living thing too small to see without a microscope |
| MRSA (methicillin | resistant Staphylococcus aureus) |
| mucus membrane | lining inside certain passages of the body such as nose, lungs, rectum, genital area |
| MDRO (multi drug resistant organisms) | Microorganisms, most bacteria, that are resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents that are commonly used for treatment |
| noncommunicable disease | a disease that is not transmitted by another person, a vector, or the environment |
| Vector | any agent (person or animal or microorganism) that carries and transmits a disease |
| Nonintact skin | Skin that has a break in the surface. It includes, but is not limited to, abrasions, cuts, hangnails, paper cuts, and burns. |
| normal flora | Microorganisms that reside in or on the body without causing disease |
| OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) | a federal government agency that makes and enforces rules to protect workers from hazards on the job |
| Pathogens | organisms that cause disease and infecton |
| perineal care | cleansing of the genital and rectal areas |
| also called peri | care |
| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material. |
| reinfection | being infected again with the same pathogen |
| Resistance | the body's ability to prevent infection and disease |
| sanitation | ways individuals and communities maintain clean, hygienic conditions that help prevent disease, such as the disposal of sewage and solid waste |
| Standard Precautions | a method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluids, non |
| Sterilization | cleaning measure that destroys all microorganisms including pathogens |
| surgical asepsis | techniques used to destroy all pathogenic organisms, also called sterile technique |
| systemic infection | an infection that is in the bloodstream and is spread throughout the body, causing general symptoms |
| Transmission | the way and means by which a disease is spread |
| vaccine | a product that is administered that is used to produce immunity to a specific disease |
| VRE (vancomycin | resistant enterococcus) |
| air born precautions | prevent the spread of pathogens that travel through the air |
| Droplet precautions | Used for diseases that are transmitted by large droplets that are expelled into the air 3 |
| contact precautions | used when a resident is at risk of transmitting or contracting a microorganism from touching an infected object or person. |
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nyriaah
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