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unit one crossword
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| atom | smallest and most fundamental unit of matter |
| molecule | chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by one or more chemical bonds |
| organ | collection of related tissues grouped together |
| phylogenetic tree | diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both |
| theory | tested and confirmed explanation for observations of phenomena |
| cell | smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things |
| homeostasis | ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions |
| tissue | group of similar cells carrying out related functions |
| biosphere | collection of all the ecosystems on Earth |
| organism | individual living entity |
| biology | the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments |
| evolution | process of gradual change during which new species arise from older species and some species become extinct |
| hypothesis | suggested explanation for an observation which can be tested |
| inductive reasoning | form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion |
| deductive reasoning | form of logical thinking that uses a general inclusive statement to forecast specific results |
| organelle | small structures that exist within cells and carry out cellular functions |
| falsfifiable | ability to be disproven by experimental results |
| science | knowledge that covers general truths or the operation of general laws, especially when acquired and tested by the scientific method |
| ionic bond | chemical bond that forms between two ions with opposite charges |
| anion | negative ion that is formed by an atom gaining one or more electrons |
| solvent | substance capable of dissolving another substance |
| polar covalent bond | type of covalent bond that forms as a result of unequal sharing of electrons, resulting in the creation of slightly positive and negative charged regions of the molecule |
| base | molecule that donates hydroxide ions or otherwise binds excess hydrogen ions and decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution |
| acid | molecule that donates hydrogen ions and increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution |
| isotope | one or more forms of an element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| cation | positive ion that is formed by an atom losing one or more electrons |
| neutron | uncharged particle that resides in the nucleus of an atom; has a mass of one amu |
| equilibrium | steady state of relative reactant and product concentration in reversible chemical reactions in a closed system |
| atom | smallest unit of matter that retains all the chemical properties of an element |
| chemical bond | interaction between two or more of the same or different atoms that results in the formation of molecules |
| hydrophobic | describes uncharged non-polar molecules that do not interact with polar molecules such as water |
| ion | atom or chemical group that does not contain equal numbers of protons and electrons |
| hydrocarbon | molecule that consists only of carbon and hydrogen |
| atomic number | total number of protons in an atom |
| electronegativity | ability of some elements to attract electrons (usually of hydrogen atoms), acquiring partial negative charges in molecules and creating partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms |
| electron | negatively charged subatomic particle that resides outside of the nucleus in electron orbital; lacks functional mass and has a negative charge of -1 unit |
| atomic mass | total number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
| hydrophilic | describes ions or polar molecules that interact well with other polar molecules such as water |
| matter | anything that takes up space |
| molecule | two or more atoms chemically bonded together |
| covalent bond | type of strong bond formed between two of the same or different elements; forms when electrons are shared between atoms |
| electron orbital | how electrons are spatially distributed surrounding the nucleus; the area where an electron is most likely to be found |
| cellulose | polysaccharide that makes up the cell wall of plants; provides structural support to the cell |
| enzyme | catalyst in a biochemical reaction that is usually a complex or conjugated protein |
| hydrolysis | reaction causes breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules with the utilization of water |
| peptide bone | bond formed between two amino acids by a dehydration reaction |
| unsaturated fatty acid | long-chain hydrocarbon that has one or more double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain |
| monomer | smallest unit of larger molecules called polymers |
| phospholipid | major constituent of the membranes; composed of two fatty acids and a phosphate containing group attached to a glycerol backbone |
| polymer - polymerization is the process of polymer formation from monomers by condensation | chain of monomer residues that is linked by covalent bonds |
| protein | biological macromolecule composed of one or more chains of amino acids |
| glycogen | storage carbohydrate in animals |
| nucleic acid | biological macromolecule that carries the genetic blueprint of a cell and carries instructions for the functioning of the cell |
| carbohydrates - serve as energy sources and structural support in cells and form the cellular exoskeleton of arthropods | biological macromolecule in which the ratio of carbon to hydrogen and dto oxygen is 1:2:1; |
| saturated fatty acid | long-chain of hydrocarbon with single covalent bonds in the carbon chain; the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton is maximized |
| dehydration synthesis | (also, condensation) reaction that links monomer molecules together, releasing a molecule of water for each bond formed |
| steroid | type of lipid composed of four fused hydrocarbon rings forming a planar structure |
| denaturizing | loss of shape in a protein as a result of changes in temperature, pH, or exposure to chemicals |
| chitin | type of carbohydrate that forms the outer skeleton of all arthropods that include crustaceans and insects; it also forms the cell walls of fungi |
| starch | storage carbohydrate in plants |
| nucleotide | monomer of nucleic acids; contains a pentose sugar, one or more phosphate groups, and a nitrogenous base |
| amino acid | monomer of a protein; has a central carbon or alpha carbon to which an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen, and an R group or side chain is attached; the R group is different for al 20 amino acids |
| triglyceride fat | fat molecule; consists of three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule |
Created by:
mortehay000
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