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Earth science
Mid-term
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| igneous rock | rock formed by the crystallization of molten magma |
| metamorphic rock | rock formed by the alteration of preexisting rock deep within Earth by heat and pressure |
| chemical weathering | the process by which the internal structure of a mineral is altered by the removal or addition of elements |
| physical weathering | the disintegration and decomposition of rock by mechanical processes |
| erosion | the incorporation and transportation of material by a mobile agent, such as water, wind, or ice |
| sedimentary rock | rock formed from the weathered products of preexisting rocks that have been transported, deposited, compacted, and cemented |
| Continental Drift Theory | the movement of continents relative to each other |
| Theory of Plate Tectonics | the lithosphere is broken into 7 plates that move above the asthenosphere |
| Divergent boundary | The separation of two tectonic plates |
| Convergent boundary | The collision of two tectonic plates |
| Transform boundary | The horizontal movement of two plates past each other |
| Cinder cone volcano | a small volcano made of ash and cinders |
| Shield volcano | a broad shaped volcano built from repeated non-explosive eruptions. |
| Composite volcano | large steep volcano made from alternating layers of lava and ash |
| surface mining | mining where overlying rock and land are removed. |
| strip mining | removing sections of rock in linear chunks in order to mine |
| open pit mining | using explosives to remove sections of rock in order to mine; leaves behind a large pit |
| deforestation | the process of clearing forests |
| global warming | the increase in average temperatures of Earth and the atmosphere due in part to increased carbon dioxide levels |
| Watershed | An area of land that catches and moves all of the precipitation that falls on it (this precipitation is then moved to underground through infiltration or moved into bodies of water) |
| Ground Water | Water found underground (this water can be found in spaces in the soil and between rocks) |
| Surface Water | Water that remains on the surface of the Earth (oceans, rivers, streams, etc.) |
| Runoff | the portion of precipitation on land that runs off into waterways; carries suspended material |
| Infiltration | the movement of water through the soil and rock material in the ground |
Created by:
aguy14
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