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*N126-U4-Stress
Dobrisky-stress response & pharmacology of adrenocorticosteroids
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| during the alarm reaction stage what increases | hr & bp |
| during the stage of resistance what determines how a person heals from trauma? | their current state of health |
| which stage of the GAS includes a brief alarm? | stage of exhaustion |
| cytokines play a role in | carring messages between immune cells |
| super strength comes from the release of | epi, norepi and endorphins |
| physiological responses to stress involve what systems | limbic, immune, hypothalamus, endocrine |
| which system is in charge of emotions and behaviors | limbic |
| which system releases CRH & ACTH during stress? | hypothalamus |
| which system stimulates the release of epi & norepi from the adrenal medulla? | endocrine |
| the immune response during stress causes what kind of change in cytokines & phagocystosis? | a decrease |
| the hypothalamus releases | CHR & ACTH |
| the release of CRH triggers an increase in what? | B endorphins |
| what affect do B endorphins have? | decrease pain |
| ACTH release results in the release of | cortisol |
| what system ultimately causes the increase in glucose, the effects of epi & norepi and inhibits inflammation? | hypothalamus |
| ACTH release leads to the release of? | Cortisol |
| Cortisol release causes what change in glucose and epi and norepi? | increased |
| what does the hypothalamus release that leads to the increase of B endorphins? | CRH |
| what changes occur to the hippocampus as a result of stress? | atrophy |
| when a person is under stress they have an increased risk of what type of disease? | autoimmune |
| the adrenal cortex releases | glucocorticoid, mineralcorticoid and androgen |
| cortisol is a | glucocorticoid |
| testosterone is a | androgen |
| aldosterone is a | mineralcorticoid |
| defects in what cause cushing and addisons? | adrenal cortex |
| which disease is caused by an excess of corticosteroids? | cushings |
| whichh disease is caused by a decrease in corticosteroids? | addison's |
| which disease is sometimes caused by an ACTH pituitary tumor? | cushings |
| which disease is a result of TB, infarction or aids? | addison's |
| which is caused from a pituitary disease? | addison's |
| which is caused from a fungal infection? | addison's |
| which is considered an autoimmune response? | addison's |
| which is caused by the administration of corticosteroids? | cushings |
| which may be caused from hemorrhage or metastatic cancer? | addison's |
| are corticosteroids used in the maintenance of BP? | yes |
| what is the main treatment for inflammatory bowel disease? | corticosteroids |
| corticosteroids have what effect on spinal edema? | decrease |
| glucocorticoids end in | "sone" |
| another name for mineralcorticoids is | florinef |
| hydrocortisone and dexamethasone are both | glucocorticoids |
| dexamethasone is also used to treat what in cancer patients? | nausea |
| florinef--> ef--> fe-> | mineralcorticoid |
| prednisone is synthetic and acts | immediately |
| if prednisone is stopped abruptly what can it lead to? | addisonian crisis |
| what type of preventative treatment has decreased effectiveness if the patient is on prednisone? | immunizations |
| during stress the dose of prednisone will be adjusted how? | increased |
| what should patients taking prednisone avoid in their diet? | caffeine |
| altho it is sometimes prescribed as a combo with prednisone, this drug could lead to bleeding problems | aspirin |
| what glucocorticoid is used to diagnose cushings? | dexamethasone |
| what are the routes of administration for dexamethasone? | almost all |
| what is the brand name for dexamethasone? | decadron |
| which glucocorticoid may cause the adverse effects of potassium loss, cataracts, nasal irritation, bowel perforation and/or vertebral compression fractures? | dexamethasone |
| this drug is used to decrease cerebral edema but may cause vertebral compression fractures | dexamethasone |
| hydrocortisone is a glucocortisteroid with what type of action? | mineralcorticoid action |
| hydrocortisone is long or short acting? | short |
| mineralcorticoids can cause more of what type of issues for patients? | electrolyte |
| which type and name of glucocortesteroid increases the excretion of calcium? | mineralcorticoid, hydrocortisone |
| which type of glucocortisteroid may cause sodium and fluid retention and hypocalcemia? | hydrocortisone? |
| hydrocortisone should be applied to the face for no longer than | 7 days |
| what sets hydrocortisone aside from other glucocorticoids? | it is a mineralcorticoid |
| which glucocorticoids are immediate acting? | prednisone and methylprednisolone |
| solumedrol is a | methylprednisolone |
| solumedrol is used to treat asthma and | spinal cord injuries |
| methylprednisolone is IV incompatible with what? | D5 1/2NaCl |
| when administering a drip of solumedrol/methylprednisolone what type of fluid do you run with it? | normal saline only |
| which glucocorticoid is cautioned for use in diabetics and children? | hydrocortisone |
| fludrocortisone is also called | florinef |
| florinef is a potent | mineralcorticoid |
| florinef should be used along with | glucocorticoid |
| which two corticosteroids have a greater risk for electrolyte imbalance? | fludrocortisone and hydrocortisone |
| hydro...fludro.....h20 | electrolyte imbalance |
| solumedrol can be mixed with | normal saline only |
| which corticosteroid is used as replacement therapy for adrenocortical insufficiency? | fludrocortisone |
| what is a major side effect of corticosteroids? | cushings |
| corticosteroids also cause what type of change in appetite? | increase |
| patients on corticosteroids are at a risk for what since their immune systems are beig depressed? | infection |
| what should you teach a pt about diet choices when they are on corticosteroids? | increase protein and potassium; decrease sodium and sugar |
| how often should meal be for pts taking corticosteroids? | six small meals a day |
| sugar intake with corticosteroids should be | decreased ... |
| potassium intake with corticosteroids should be | increased |
| sodium intake with corticosteroids should be | decreased |
| pt taking corticosteroids should know that crowds and buffets are to be | avoided |
| patients taking corticosteroids should be assessed for what changes in skin? | integrity, it will thin |
Created by:
Lori Dobrisky
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