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365 Exam 1
365 CH Upper GI
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| malabsorption syndrome | impaired absorption of nutrients from the GI tract; decreased enzymes, decreased bowel surface area |
| malabsorption syndrome symptom | fever; increased basal metabolic rate and use of protein stores |
| enteral nutrition | directly into the GI tract; patient can eat but can not meet all nutritional needs |
| reasons to be enterally fed | anorexia, facial fractures, head and neck cancer, extensive burns, critical illness |
| contraindications to enteral feedings | GI obstruction, prolonged ileus, severe diarrhea, vomiting, enterocutaneous fistula |
| oro gastric tube | temporary, goes in mouth and sits in stomach |
| nasogastric tube | temporary, in nose to the stomach; used for aspiration precautions |
| nasoduodenal tube | into intestine |
| gastrostomy, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy | long lasting, directly into stomach through the abdomen |
| aspiration risk | HOB 30 - 45 |
| parenteral | directly into the bloodstream |
| parenteral nutrition | intravenous administration; accu check every 4 - 6 hours |
| parenteral feed | dextrose, fat emulsions, protein and electrolytes, trace elements; solution is only good for 24 hours |
| parenteral nutrition indications | GI tract is unable to be used, complicated surgery, GI obstruction, fistula, severe malabsorption |
| if parenteral feed is unavailable | hang 10 to 20% dextrose |
| refeeding syndrom | insulin takes glucose into cells, hypophosphetemia |
| refeeding symptoms | weakness, shallow respirations, confusion and seizure |
| medical management of obesity | lose 1 -2 pounds per week, healthy balanced diet |
| bariatric restrictive | make stomach smaller |
| bariatric malabsorptive | bypass part of the intestines |
| preoperative risks of bariatric | thromboembolism, pulmonary complications |
| gastric restriction | banding, minimally invasive and reversible; restricts stomach and makes smaller |
| vertical sleeve gastroplasty | removed portion of stomach |
| biliopancreatic diversion | 80% of stomach is removed; remained attached to bottom of small intestine |
| gastric bypass | stomach is smaller, duodenum, part of jejumun bypassed; less nutrients are absorbed; weight loss is longer lasting |
| mobilization prevents | deep vein thrombosis, hypostatic pneumonia |
| anastomotic leaks | breakdown suture line and leak gastric contents |
| dumping syndrome | food enters undigested into the small intestine |
| signs of dumping syndrome | N/V, diarrhea, tachycardia, faintness |
| postprandial hypoglycemia | uncontrolled gastric emptying, insulin release |
| vitamin replacement in bariatric | may not absorb B12 leading to anemia |
| anemia | lethargic, numbness, tingling |
| metabolic syndrome | obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, increased waist circumference, hypertension |
| metabolic syndrome managment | reduce LDL and cholesterol, stop smoking, lower BP |
| testing GI content | assess for placement of a GI tube |
| pH | less than 5.5 in the stomach |
Created by:
ahommel
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