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Weather vocab
Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| thermal energy | the sum of kinetic energy and the potential energy of the particles that make up an object |
| energy | the capacity fr vigorous activity ; available energy |
| convection | the transfer of heat by the circulation or movement of the heated parts of a liquid or gas |
| jet stream | strong, generally westerly winds concentrated in a relatively narrow and shallow in the upper troposphere of the earth |
| Coriolis Effect | |
| global winds | winds that occur in belts that go all around the planet |
| trade winds | winds that reliably blow east to west just north and south of the equator |
| westerlies | a wind blowing from the west. |
| polar easterlies | dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the east |
| doldrums | an equatorial region of the Atlantic Ocean with calms, sudden storms, and light unpredictable winds. |
| horse latitudes | a belt of calm air and sea occurring in both the northern and southern hemispheres between the trade winds and the westerlies. |
| local wind patterns | trade winds, the south-east wind, the southwest wind, the northeast wind and the north-west wind |
| sea breeze | a breeze blowing toward the land from the sea, especially during the day owing to the relative warmth of the land. |
| land breeze | a breeze blowing toward the sea from the land, especially at night, owing to the relative warmth of the sea |
| atmosphere | a mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth |
| troposphere | the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere. |
| stratosphere | starts just above the troposphere and extends to 50 kilometers (31 miles) high. |
| mesosphere | lies between the thermosphere and the stratosphere |
| thermosphere | the second highest layer of Earth's atmosphere |
| exosphere | the outermost layer of our atmosphere |
| water cycle | the continuous movement of water within the Earth and atmosphere |
| evaporate | lose or cause to lose moisture or solvent as vapor. |
| condensation | the conversion of a vapor or gas to a liquid |
| runoff | the draining away of water (or substances carried in it) from the surface of an area of land, a building or structure, etc. |
| meteorologist | observes, studies, or forecasts the weather. |
| cirrus | cloud forming wispy filamentous tufted streaks (“mare's tails”) at high altitude, usually 16,500–45,000 feet (5–13 km). |
| stratus | cloud forming a continuous horizontal gray sheet, often with rain or snow. |
| nimbus | a large gray rain cloud. |
| cumulus | cloud forming rounded masses heaped on each other above a flat base at fairly low altitude. |
| Air Mass | a body of air with horizontally uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure |
| Weather | the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc. |
| Climate | the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period. |
| Forecast | predict or estimate (a future event or trend). |
| Temperature | the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch. |
| Front | the side or part of an object that presents itself to view or that is normally seen or used first; the most forward part of something. |
| Humidity | a quantity representing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere or in a gas |
| High Pressure System | a quantity representing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere or in a gas |
| Low Pressure System | lower pressure at its center than the areas around it |
| Storms | a violent disturbance of the atmosphere with strong winds and usually rain, thunder, lightning, or snow |
| Precipitation | rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground. |
| Tornado | a mobile, destructive vortex of violently rotating winds having the appearance of a funnel-shaped cloud and advancing beneath a large storm system. |
| Thunderstorm | a storm with thunder and lightning and typically also heavy rain or hail |
| Hurricane | a storm with a violent wind, in particular a tropical cyclone in the Caribbean. |
| Flood | an overflowing of a large amount of water beyond its normal confines, especially over what is normally dry land. |
| Winter Storms | a combination of heavy snow, blowing snow and/or dangerous wind chills |
| Cumulonimbus Clouds | menacing looking multi-level clouds, extending high into the sky in towers or plumes. |
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