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Weather Vocabulary
Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Thermal Energy | The sum of kinetic energy and the potential energy of the particles that make up the object. |
| Energy | the strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental activity. |
| Convection | the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat. |
| Jet stream | a fast, narrow current of air flowing from west to east that encircles the globe. |
| Coriolis effect | the pattern of deflection taken by objects not firmly connected to the ground as they travel long distances around Earth. |
| Global Winds | winds that occur in belts that go all around the planet |
| Trade winds | winds that reliably blow east to west just north and south of the equator. |
| Westerlies | a wind blowing from the west |
| Polar easterlies | dry and cold prevailing winds that blow from the east |
| Doldrums | an equatorial region of the Atlantic Ocean with calms, sudden storms, and light unpredictable winds. |
| Horse Latitudes | a belt of calm air and sea occurring in both the northern and southern hemispheres between the trade winds and the westerlies. |
| Local Wind patterns | form due to the differences in the heating of the Earth. |
| Sea Breeze | a breeze blowing toward the land from the sea, especially during the day owing to the relative warmth of the land. |
| Land Breeze | a breeze blowing toward the sea from the land, especially at night, owing to the relative warmth of the sea. |
| Water Cycle | the cycle of processes by which water circulates between the earth's oceans, atmosphere, and land, involving precipitation as rain and snow, drainage in streams and rivers, and return to the atmosphere by evaporation and transpiration. |
| Evaporate | turn from liquid into vapor. |
| Condensation | water which collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air is in contact with it. |
| Runoff | the draining away of water (or substances carried in it) from the surface of an area of land, a building or structure, etc. |
| Meteorologist | an expert in or student of meteorology; a weather forecaster. |
| Cirrus | cloud forming wispy filamentous tufted streaks (“mare's tails”) at high altitude, usually 16,500–45,000 feet (5–13 km). |
| Stratus | cloud forming a continuous horizontal gray sheet, often with rain or snow. |
| Nimbus | a luminous cloud or a halo surrounding a supernatural being or a saint. |
| Cumulus | cloud forming rounded masses heaped on each other above a flat base at fairly low altitude. |
| Air mass | a body of air with horizontally uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure. |
| Weather | the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc. |
| Climate | the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period. |
| Forecast | |
| Temperature | the measure of hotness or coldness expressed in terms of any of several scales, including Fahrenheit and Celsius |
| Front | a boundary between two air masses |
| Humidity | a quantity representing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere or in a gas. |
| High Pressure system | higher pressure at its center than the areas around it |
| Low pressure system | lower pressure at its center than the areas around it |
| Storms | a violent disturbance of the atmosphere with strong winds and usually rain, thunder, lightning, or snow. |
| Precipitation | the action or process of precipitating a substance from a solution. |
| Tornado | a mobile, destructive vortex of violently rotating winds having the appearance of a funnel-shaped cloud and advancing beneath a large storm system. |
| Thunderstorms | a storm with thunder and lightning and typically also heavy rain or hail. |
| Hurricane | a storm with a violent wind, in particular a tropical cyclone in the Caribbean. |
| Flood | an overflowing of a large amount of water beyond its normal confines, especially over what is normally dry land. |
| Winter storms | a combination of heavy snow, blowing snow and/or dangerous wind chills |
| Cumulonimbus Clouds | cloud forming a towering mass with a flat base at fairly low altitude and often a flat top, as in thunderstorms. |
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