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Cells
Organization of Systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How are organisms organized from the smallest to the largest? | Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism |
| Define cells. | Membrane covered structure that contains all the materials necessary for life. |
| Explain Hooke and VanLeeuwenhoek’s contributions to cell study. | a) Robert Hooke- saw first dead cells in cork b) Anton Van Leewenhoek-first observed living cells in pond water |
| Explain all 3 parts of the cell theory. | 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. Cell is the basic unit of life in all living things. 3. All cells come from other cells. |
| Explain how the size of the cell limits how big a cell can grow. | Cells are small because large cells would not have enough surface area to bring in enough nutrients or get rid of enough waste. |
| True of False: The inside of a cell grows faster then the outside? | True |
| True or False: Big or small organisms have different sizes of cells? | False |
| What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic? | Prokaryote has bacteria and no nucleus to contain dna” it floats around. Eukaryote has nucleus which contains dna. (animal cells) |
| Explain cell membrane | cell membranes allow nutrients and waste to move into and out of cell. |
| Explain cytoplasm | Jellylike material that surrounds oraganeles |
| Explain ribosomes. What do they make? | Ribosomes are the smallest and most abundant organelle. They make proteins. |
| Explain endoplasmic reticulum | Endoplasmic Reticulum are sacks and tunnels of membranes that carry substances to outside of cell. |
| What are the types of endoplasmic reticulum? | Rough: Covered with ribosomes: transports proteins Smooth: is not covered with ribosomes: transports proteins, lipids and, breaks down chemicals that harm cells. |
| Explain golgi bodies. | Golgi bodies are flattened stacker membranes. They change lipids and proteins, pinches them off into sacks and ships them out of the cell. They help create lysosomes. |
| Explain nucleus and nucleolus. | Nucleus is the largest organelle. Necleolus is in nucleus. It stores material used to make ribosomes. |
| What is DNA | Contains all information to tell the organeles and the cells what to do. |
| What is the relationship between golgi bodies and vesicles? | Vesicles are a membrane bound structure that carries substances from golgi bodies. |
| What are vacuoles? | Sack that contains water, waste material, food. It makes up most of cells volume. |
| Explain lysosomes. | Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes. They breakdown old cells and bacteria. They are considered the garbage trucks of the cell. |
| What is the relationship between chloroplasts and mitochondria? | Cholorplasts create glucose from photosynthesis. Then mitochondria break down glucose. |
| Explain the importance of mitochondria | Mitochondria is important because it breaks down glucose when energy is released. It also has active tissues and organs like msucel tissue have more mitochondria. |
| What happens in the mitochondria? | In the mitochondria energy is released in this organelle from glucose being broken down. |
| What is cristae and why is it important? | Cristae is inner folds that increase the surface area so more glucose can be broken down and more energy released. Its important because it has its own dna which comes from the mom. |
| What are the two basic shapes of cells and which is animal and which is plant? | Plant cells are square and animal cells are usually round. |
| What type of cell contains cell walls and why are cell walls important? | Cellulose. They are tough and rigid. |
| Define magnification. | How much larger a specimen is when using a microscope. |
| Define tissues, organs and organ systems. | Tissue is a group of cells that work together to perform a specific job. Organs are two or more tissues working together to perform a specific job. Organ system is a group of organs working together. |
Created by:
25kgurewitz
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