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Cardio
Inflammatory Heart Disease and hypertensive crisis
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| endocarditis | infection of the inner layer of the heart, including the cardiac valves |
| symptoms of endocarditis | splinter hemorrhages, systolic murmur, secondary to embolization, blood in urine, flank pain |
| pericarditis | inflammation of the pericardium |
| symptoms of pericarditis | progressively, frequently sharp chest pain, pericardial friction rub |
| diagnostics of pericarditis | elevated WBCs, EKG and echo |
| treatment | pericardiocentesis, drug therapy (antibiotics and NSAIDS) |
| diagnosing endocarditis | blood cultures, twice - 12 hours apart - different sites, echo, chest x-ray |
| myocarditis | inflammation of myocardium |
| symptoms of myocarditis | fever, fatigue, malaise, pharyngitis, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting late- sudden cardiac death |
| diagnostics of myocarditis | EKG, echo, ESR/CRP levels, cardiac markers |
| treatment of myocarditis | drug therapy - ACE inhibitors, B-blockers, vasodilators (milrenone), immunosuppressive , also increase CO |
| cardiomyopathy | group of diseases that affect the structure or function of heart primary- unknown etiology secondary- related to another disease process |
| diagnostics of cardiomyopathy | echocardiogram, cxr |
| treatment of cardiomyopathy | control HF, increase contractility, decrease preload and afterload, |
| drug therapy for cardiomyopathy | dobutamine and diuretics |
| for hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathy patients should avoid what? | strenous activity and dehydration |
| treatment for hypertension | B blockers, ACE inhibitors |
| hypertensive crisis | severe elevation in BP >220/140 mmHg |
| drug therapy for hypertensive crisis | nitroprusside (Nipride) Nicardipine IV |