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CAD

QuestionAnswer
nonmodifiable CAD risk factors age, gender, ethnicity, family history, genetic predisposition
modifiable CAD risk factors elevated serum lipids, hypertension, tobacco use, physical inability, obesity, second hand smoke
contributing risk factors- modifiable diabetes, metabolic syndrome, psychologic states (type A, depression), homocysteine level, substance abuse
nursing management - physical activity FITT formula- 30 mins most days plus weight training 2 days a week - helps reduce systolic BP
nursing management - nutritional therapy decreases saturated fats and cholesterol, increase complex carbs and fiber, decrease red meat, egg yolks and whole wheat products, increase omega 3 fatty acids (tofu, canola), decrease salt intake
angina condition caused by reduced blood flow to the heart, chest pain that can radiate
chronic (stable) angina occurs intermittently, and predictable, occurs with stress or physical activity - may see T-wave inversion on EKG, subsides after stopping the precipitating factor, not stabbing but just a pressure
treatment of chronic stable angina aspirin, nitrates, beta blockers, statins, CCB
unstable angina symptoms occur more frequently and last longer than stable angina, pain occurs at rest , ST elevation
treatment of unstable angina rest and nitro, drugs affecting platelets, revascularization
variant angina (Prinzmetals) pain at rest, no increased physical demand, strong spasm of smooth muscle, ST elevation
angina lab tests hemoglobin (12-18), hematocrit (37-52), cholesterol levels (less than 200), CK (22-198), CKMB (4-6%), troponin (<0.5), myoglobin
angin diagnostic study chest x-ray, 12-lead EKG, echo, cardiac catheterization, stress test
post cardiac catheterization bed rest, HOB no higher than 30 degrees, monitor for bleeding, monitor pulses, antiplatelet drugs after procedure
Created by: ebrewer12
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