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4th Grade Science
Science Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Natural Resource | Natural Resource is a material that comes from nature; it is useful to humans. |
| Human made resource | Human made resources are materials that are made by humans. |
| Watershed | A watershed is an area of land over which surface water flows to a single collection place. |
| River | A River is a long, ribbon-like waterway that flows toward the ocean, lake, bay, or other river. |
| Lake | A lake is a large, inland body of water. |
| Minerals | Minerals are solid substances that occur naturally. |
| Ore | An ore is a deposit in Earth's crust of one or more valuable minerals (copper, gold). |
| Rocks | Rocks are a naturally occurring solid material composed of one or more minerals. |
| Soil | Soil is a mixture of minerals and organic material that covers much of Earth's surface. |
| Ocean | An ocean is a large body of salt water. Oceans cover more than 70% of Earth’s surface. |
| Bays | Bays are a body of water surrounded by land on three sides and connected to a larger body of water. |
| Organism | An organism is any living thing. |
| Downstream | Downstream is the direction the water in the river flows. |
| Natural Forest | A natural forest is a forest that grows naturally, without humans planting trees. |
| Cultivated forest | A cultivated forest is a forest that has been planted by humans. |
| Rotate | Rotate means to turn around on an axis |
| Revolve | Revolve means to turn around an object |
| Orbit | An orbit is the path a planet takes |
| Terrestrial | Terrestrial Planets are the first four planets, they have a hard rocky surface |
| Gas Giants | Gas Giants are the outer four planets, they are made of many gasses and you cannot land on them. |
| Moon | The moon is a small, rocky satellite |
| Sun | The sun is an average-sized yellow star |
| Seasons | Seasons are when the sun’s rays to hit the Earth’s surface at different angles |
| Moon Phases | The moon phases are the different appearances of the moon as it revolves around the Earth |
| Axis | An axis is an imaginary straight line going through the center of an object |
| Tides | Tides are the daily rise and fall of the Earth’s water |
| Photosynthesis | the process plants use to make their own food |
| Glucose | the food plants produce |
| Leaves | where plants make their food. |
| Roots | Anchor the plant in the ground and absorbs water and nutrients from the soil |
| Stem | provide support for the plant and allow movement of water and nutrients |
| Flowers | are the reproductive structures of the plant |
| Petal | attract pollinators |
| Stamen | where the pollen is transferred from |
| Pistil | where the pollen is transferred to |
| Pollen | fertilizes the seeds of other plants, allowing them to grow into new plants. |
| Ecosystem | an area where living and nonliving things interact |
| Population | all organisms of the same species living in the same area |
| Community | the populations of species living in the same place at the same time |
| Organism | a living thing |
| Food chain | the order in which organisms depend on each other for food. |
| Food web | a group of food chains in an ecosystem |
| Producer | an organism that makes its own food |
| Consumer | an organism that has to find its food |
| Decomposer | an organism that feeds on and breaks down dead plant or animal matter |
| Niche | function or role that an organism performs in the food web of a community, also everything the the organism does and needs in its environment |
| Habitat | the place a plant or animal naturally lives |
| Dichotomous key | a tool used to classify organisms based on physical characteristics |
| Continental shelf | the edge of a continent that is covered by ocean water (the part we sand and swim in) |
| Continental slope | a steep slope that separates the continental shelf from the deep ocean floor |
| Continental rise | a wide gentle slope that connects the continental slope to the deep ocean floor |
| Abyssal Plain | a large flat area of the ocean floor |
| Ocean trench | a long, narrow, and extremely deep valleys on the ocean floor |
| Mid-ocean ridge: | an underwater mountain range found on the ocean floor |
| Seamounts | an underwater mountains |
| Salinity | how much salt is in the water |
| Ocean currents | caused by wind patterns and the differences in water due to temperature differences |
| Waves | water movement caused by the wind |
| Thermometer | a tool used to measure the amount of heat in the air |
| Barometer | a tool used to measure the amount of pressure in the air |
| Rain gauge | a tool used to measure the amount of rain in an specific area |
| Anemometer | a tool used to measure the amount of wind in an area |
| Wind vane | a tool used to determine what direction the wind is blowing. |
| Meteorologist | a scientist who studies the weather |
| High air pressure | produce clear skies and light winds |
| Low air pressure | produce stormy weather and strong winds |
| Cumulus cloud | fluffy white clouds with flat bottoms (fair weather) |
| Cumulonimbus clouds | large dark clouds that produce thunderstorms |
| Cirrus clouds | wispy, feathery looking clouds (fair weather) |
| Stratus clouds | smooth gray clouds that cover the whole sky (light rain/drizzle) |
| Thunderstorms | heavy rain, lighting and thunder |
| Hurricanes | Formed over warm water , heavy rains and wind speeds greater than 74 miles per hour |
| Tornados | form from thunderstorms, create funnel clouds (formed over land) |
| Weather | The day to day state of the atmosphere |
| Climate | The weather of an area over a long period of time |
| Variable | Any factor that can be changed in an experiment |
| Independent Variable | The factor the scientist or the person doing the experiment changes. There can be only ONE independent variable. |
| Dependent Variable | The factor in an experiment that is being measured. There can be only ONE dependent variable. |
| Constant Variable | The factors that never change in an experiment. There can be many constant variables. Constant variables are sometimes called Control Variables. |
| Hypothesis | An educated guess or prediction on the outcome of an experiment. Also known as an If/Then statement. |
| Data | Information we collect |
Created by:
lwalker3
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