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5th grade Science
Vocabulary Words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Force | Force is a push or pull. |
| Energy | Energy is the ability to do work |
| Kinetic energy | Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. |
| Potential energy | Potential energy is stored energy. |
| Motion | Motion is described as an object’s direction and speed. |
| Speed | Speed is how fast an object is moving. |
| Net force | Net force is the total amount of forces on an object. |
| Friction | Friction works against motion to slow down or stop an object. |
| Interact | Interact means to work together. |
| Resistance | Resistance is a force that slows down an object. |
| Mass | Mass is the amount of matter in an object. |
| Collide | Collide is when one object runs into another. |
| Transfer | Transfer means move from one place to another. |
| Thermal | Thermal energy is heat energy (example a hair dryer). |
| Radiant | Radiant energy is light energy (example a lamp). |
| Mechanical | Mechanical energy is motion energy. |
| Electrical | Electrical energy is energy from electricity (a phone charger). |
| Convert | Convert means to change or transform. |
| Conserve | Conserve means to save (Turning off a light conserves electrical energy). |
| Transform | Transform means to change. |
| Electricity | Electricity is a form of energy that can give things the ability to move and work. |
| Current | A current is a continuous flow of of negative charges. |
| Circuit | A circuit is the pathway taken by an electrical current. |
| Conductor | A conductor allows electricity to flow. |
| Insulator | An insulator does not allow electricity to flow through. |
| Open Circuit | An open circuit does not allow the flow of electricity energy. |
| Closed Circuit | A closed circuit allows the flow of electricity energy. |
| Static electricity | Static electricity is the build up of an electrical charge on the surface of an object. |
| Electromagnet | An electromagnet is a magnet that uses electricity, the strength of the magnet can be changed. |
| Renewable Resource | A renewable resource is a resource that can be replenished (water, wind, and solar) |
| Non Renewable Resource | A non renewable resource is a resource that can not be replaced naturally. (Coal, oil, and natural gas) |
| Variable | Any factor that can be changed in an experiment |
| Independent Variable | The factor the scientist or the person doing the experiment changes. There can be only ONE independent variable. |
| Dependent Variable | The factor in an experiment that is being measured. There can be only ONE dependent variable. |
| Constant Variable | The factors that never change in an experiment. There can be many constant variables. Constant variables are sometimes called Control Variables |
| Hypothesis | An educated guess or prediction on the outcome of an experiment. Also known as an If/Then statement. |
| Data | Information that we collect |
| Sound | produced when an object vibrates. Form of mechanical energy. |
| Compression waves | how sound travels. Must have a medium to travel through. |
| Medium | a solid, liquid, or gas that can transmit energy. |
| Pitch | how high or low a sound is (not volume) determined by how fast or slow objects are vibrating |
| Transverse waves | how sound light travels. Does NOT need a medium to travel. |
| Wavelength | the distance between any two same points on waves that are next to each other. (crest to crest, or trough to trough) |
| Crest | The top of a wave |
| Trough | The bottom of a wave |
| Frequency | the number of waves passing through a given point in a set time. |
| Visible Light Spectrum | What we can see with our naked eyes. Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet. (listed in order from longest to shortest wavelength.) |
| White Light | All the colors of the spectrum combined |
| Prism | Separates white light into the individual colors |
| Reflection | light waves bouncing off a surface, like a mirror. |
| Refraction | Bending of light waves |
| Transparent | Light passes through easily |
| Translucent | Light passes through partially |
| Opaque | Light does not pass through |
| Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| Atoms | the smallest unit of matter |
| Mixtures | When two or more substances are combined but do not lose their physical properties (chex mix) |
| Solutions | When one substance dissolves in another. (hot chocolate) |
| Physical properties | a property that can be observed with the 5 senses. |
| Crust | the outermost layer of the Earth. (what we live on) |
| Mantle | the layer beneath the crust, it is made up of hot molten rock |
| Inner Core | center of the Earth, made of solid nickel and iron |
| Outer Core | layer between the mantle and inner core, made of liquid iron and nickel |
| Plate tectonics | the idea that the crust is made up of large moving pieces called plates |
| Faults | a break in the earth’s crust |
| Convergent Boundaries | when two plates come together. (creates mountains) |
| Divergent boundaries | when two plates move away from each other. (create volcanoes and trenches) |
| Transform boundaries | when two plates rub against each other. (create earthquakes) |
| Rock cycle | transformation of rocks |
| Igneous rock | rocks that made from cooled lava |
| Sedimentary Rock | rocks that are made from sand, mud, and pebbles that have been cemented together |
| Metamorphic Rock | rocks that are formed from extreme heat and pressure |
| Sediment | pieces of rock that were broken down by weathering and erosion |
| Fossils | the remains of plants and animals that lived long ago |
| Weathering | the process by which rocks are broken down by weather (wind or rain) |
| Erosion | the process by which broken down pieces of rock are moved from one area to another |
| Deposition | where the broken down pieces of rock are deposited (dropped) |
| Technology | the use of knowledge to create tools and devices that make life easier or solve problems |
| Consumption | using, buying, or eating something |
Created by:
lwalker3
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