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TreesShrubs
Trees and Shrubs of Ontario
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cytokinins | promoters of cell division. |
| Gibberellins | promoters of cell division and elongation |
| Absicisic Acid | is a growth inhibitor. |
| Parenchyma | cells that have thin walls of cellulose responsible for storage and photosynthesis |
| Sclerenchyma | short lived cells with thick walls that support the plant |
| Collenchyma | supports the growing areas of the plant |
| First Stage of Growth | is that of establishment, occurring after germination |
| Seedling Stage | period of establishment root system begins to develop, as well as the trunk, branch and leaf systems |
| Primary Growth | is defined as an increase in height (at the branch ends) or an increase in depth occurring at the root tips |
| Secondary Growth | once the primary tissues have differentiated, they become meristematic in the vascular cambium, a layer of cells that sheathes the tree from branch tips to root tips. |
| Apical Meristem | located at the branch and root tips/capable of cell division/cells divide and lengthen, the apical meristem is constantly being pushed outwards by the cells that have been laid down. |
| Epidermis | found on the outer edge of the stem/single layer of cells with thick wax(cutin) covered walls/purpose is for protection from moisture loss |
| Ground | composed of the cortex, pith and pith rays/found on the interior of cambium |
| Procambium | will develop into the vascular cambium/purpose is for conduction, once the cells have differentiated. |
| Xylem Cells | the purpose of the xylem is to provide a conductive system to allow for the movement of water and minerals from the soil to the various growing points. In conifers, the tissue that forms most of the xylem are tracheids. |
| Phloem Cells | at the same time the cambium is laying down xylem cells to the interior, phloem cells are being produced towards the exterior. it is responsible for the downward conduction of sugars produced in the crown from photosynthesis. |
| Cork Cambium | produces cork towards the outside and phelloderm towards the inside. |
| Maturity | height growth slows, crown and diameter continue to increase. |
| Overmature | height and diameter growth slows, individual is prone to mortality. Disease and insect damage occurrs |
| Snag | a standing dead tree |
| Downed Woody Debris | as the tree decays, decomposing material will add organic material, provide habitat and add nutrients to the site. |
| Phototropism | a plant's response to light |
| Girdling | removal of a continuous ring of bark around the trunk |
| inclusions | objects included in the trees trunk through secondary growth |
| Forests | are a dynamic plant community constantly changing in size, form, species composition. |
| Autecology | study of the influence of the environment on a single individual or species |
| Synecology | study of plant communities and the interaction of the organisms. |
| Windthrow | uprooting of the trees/results in death of plant |
| Blowdown | tree bole breakage/often(not always) results in the death of the plant |
| Biomes | the world's major communities, classified according to the predominant vegetation and characterized by adaptations of organisms to that particular environment |
| Gaia Theory | theorized by James Lovelock/ based upon the perceived climated and biogeochem hemeotosis of Earth- only explanation for this stability is organic procesess that add or remove elements such as salts and oxygen to maintain hemeostasis |
| Auxins | are produced at the branch tips and are responsible for the elongation of plant cells. |
Created by:
meaghan12321
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