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Ch 23 Bacteria
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| single-celled organisms that do not have a membrane bound nucleus | Prokaryote |
| a protein-carbohyrate compound found in bacterial cell walls | peptidoglycan |
| Archaeal group that converts hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide into methane gas for energy | methanogen |
| Archaeal group of "salt-loving" bacteria | halophile |
| Archaeal group that live in very hot, acidic environments | thermoacidophile |
| rod-shaped bacterium | bacillus |
| sphere-shaped bacterium | coccus |
| spiral shaped bacterium | spirillum |
| coccus bacterium found in chains | steptococcus |
| bacterium that absorb the red dye into their cell wall during a Gram stain; simpler and have more peptidoglycan | Gram-negative bacterium |
| bacterium that reject the red dye in a Gram stain and retain their purple color | Gram-positive bacterium |
| chemicals that kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms | antibiotic |
| small, circular, self-replicating loops of double-stranded DNA | plasmid |
| sugars that bind to the cell wall and protect the cell from toxins and chemicals | capsule |
| a fuzzy coat of stick sugars on the bacterial cell wall that allows bacteria to stick to substances and surfaces | glycocalyx |
| short, hairlike projections that help bacteria connect to other bacteria | pilus |
| a thick-coated, resistant structure found only in Gram-positive bacteria | endospore |
| organisms that get their carbon from another organisms | heterotroph |
| organisms that get carbon directly from the air | autotroph |
| organisms that get their energy from sunlight | phototroph |
| organisms that energy from chemicals in the environment | chemotroph |
| coccus bacterium found in grapelike clusters | staphlyococcus |
| prokaryotes that need oxygen to survive | obligate aerobe |
| they can live with or without oxegen | facultative anaerobe |
| organisms that cannot live in the presence of oxygen | obligate anaerobe |
| occurs when a prokaryote takes in dna from the outside enviroment | transformation |
| the process by which two prokaryotes bind together and one cell tranfers DNA to the other through a sex pilus | conjugation |
| a virus obtains a small part of DNA from a host prokaryote | transduction |
| pathology | pathology |
| are toxic substances that bacteria secrete into their environment | exotoxin |
| are toxins substances made of lipids and carbohydrates associated with the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria such as E.coli | endotoxin |
| the evolution of populations of pathogenic bacteria that antibiotics are unable to kill | antibiotic resistance |
Created by:
dltn_petrysz
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