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Lecture 28
Citric Acid Cycle
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the first molecule that feeds into the citric acid cycle? | Acetyl-CoA |
| How many NADH and FADH are produced from one acetyl-CoA entering the citric acid cycle? | 3 NADH and 1 FADH |
| How many ATP are produced from 1 glucose? | 28 ATP |
| How many ATP can be made without the reactions occurring in the mitochondria? | 2 ATP |
| What is a source of oxaloacetate (other than malate) in the liver? | Aspartate |
| What enzyme catalyzes PEP from oxaloacetate? | PEP carboxylase |
| How does alanine eventually end up in the citric acid cycle? | Alanine is converted to pyruvate and then acetyl-coA |
| What citric acid cycle component is glutamate synthesized from? | Alphaketoglutarate |
| Why are acetyl-CoA, fatty acids, citrate and succinyl-CoA negative regulators of the citric acid cycle? | These products regulate by feedback inhibition |
| Why is ATP a negative regulator, while ADP and AMP are positive regulators? | High concentration of ADP and AMP indicate that the cell is out of energy |
| In what cell is Ca2+ a regulator? | Muscle |
| What fungus produces large quantities of citric acid to be used as an additive for food? | Aspergillus Niger |
| Which Citric acid cycle intermediate is used for heme synthesis? | Succinyl-CoA |
| What is the purpose of citric acid addition to food? | It is an antioxidant used to preserve food flavor |
| How many negatively charged carboxyl groups does citrate have? | 3 |
| What metal can citrate bind? | Aluminum |
| When the pH of soil is less than 5.0, is aluminum soluble or insoluble? | Soluble- it is the Al+3 form |
| When the pH of soil is alkaline, is aluminum soluble or insoluble? | Insoluble- it is in the Al(OH)3 form |
| What happens to food crops when soil is high in aluminum and low in pH? | The plants take up the soluble aluminum which inhibits their growth |
| How can increasing the secretion of citric acid help plants grow in certain soil conditions? | Citric acid could potentially bind the Al+3 and prevent it from being taken up by the cells |
Created by:
bettyboucher
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