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DNA/RNA Bio

DNA/RNA Leaving Cert Biology

QuestionAnswer
What does the term Heredity mean? It is the passing of genetics from parents to offspring.
What does Gene Expression mean? What traits will an offspring show due to the genetic combination of the parents.
In a Chromosome, what is the ratio of Protein to DNA? It is a 60:40 ratio with only 3% of the DNA actually being coding DNA.
What are the four bases that make up DNA? - Adenine - Cytosine - Guanine - Thymine
Which Bases of DNA bond with one another? - Adenine bonds with Thymine - Guanine bonds with Cytosine
What is the shape of the DNA structure? Double Helix. DNA is double stranded.
What do a series of DNA base pairs allow to be made? DNA base pairs make up the structure of the Double Helix, in doing so they make a genetic coding sequence ( Codons, three base pairs) which lead to the creation of Amino Acids.
When does DNA replication happen? In the Interphase in Mitosis.
What is DNA profiling? DNA profiling is where fragment DNA produces a unique DNA 'fingerprint' that will match to only one person . This is used in Forensic Science in murder and missing cases.
What is the role of Screening? Screening is used to find genetic mutations. This can be used before the birth/conception of a child to see if there will be a mutation, such as Cystic Fibrosis.
What are the bases for RNA? - Cytosine - Guanine - Thymine - Uraric
Which Bases of RNA bond with one another? - Uraric bonds with Thymine - Guanine bonds with Cytosine.
What is the shape of the RNA structure? Single Helix.
What is Protein Synthesis? Protein Synthesis is where DNA strands seperate and only one strand is then copied by mRNA. It is then transferred to the Ribosome with rRNA. Then it is recopied with tRNA to create new protein.
What are the three different types of RNA? - mRNA - Messenger RNA - rRNA - Ribosome RNA - tRNA - Transfer RNA.
Created by: AW117
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