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Disorders of Fluid
Disorders of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| intracellular fluid | 2/3 of the body's fluid |
| extracellular fluid | 1/3 of the body fluid |
| interstitial fluid | surrounds cell in tissue |
| intravascular fluid | blood plasma |
| transcellular fluids | fluids in defined spaces, like cerebral spinal fluid. |
| osmosis | movement of water from low solutes to high solutes concentration. |
| active transport | requires ATP moves molecules to large to diffuse. |
| oncotic pressure | pull/attracts water by making plasma proteins force fluid back into capillaries |
| capillary | responsible for interstitial fluid exchange |
| aldosterone | Hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. increases sodium absorption and potassium secretion. |
| antidiuretic hormone | Decreases the release of solutes in the kidney (pee less) |
| diffusion | Movement of particles from high concentration to low. |
| edema | Swelling of a tissue |
| facilitated diffusion | Diffusion using a transport molecule. |
| hydrostatic pressure | The force in the capillaries that pushes fluid into the tissue. |
| hypercalcemia | Excessive calcium in the blood. |
| hyperkalemia | Excessive potassium in the blood. |
| hypernatremia | Excessive sodium in the blood. |
| hypocalcemia | Low calcium in the blood. |
| hypokalemia | Low potassium in the blood |
| hyponatremia | Low sodium in the blood |
| natriuretic peptides | Hormones that stimulates elimination of solutes. ANP & BNP |
| osmolarity | concentration of solutes in 1L of water. |
| osmotic pressure | The force that uses proteins to pull fluid back into the capillaries from tissue. |
| hypotonic | Low solutes in plasma. |
| hypertonic | High solutes in plasma |