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integumentary sys
bio chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The correct order of the layers of the epidermis from deep to superficial is | stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum |
| tactile cells | sensory detection |
| the function of the hypodermis | skin anchoring |
| the function of melanin | to provide uv protection for the sun |
| langerhan cells | activate the body's immune system |
| karatinocytes | make a fibrous protein for skin protection |
| cerumonous glands produce | ear wax(cerumanum) |
| What gland is not functional until puberty? | apppocrine gland |
| friction ridges are present in the | dermal palpae |
| sebacious glands produce | sebum |
| mammary glands produce | milk |
| suderifious glands produce | sweat |
| keratin is found in both | skin and nails |
| hirutism is characterized by | excessive hair growth |
| skin does not play a role in | the regulating of body tempurature |
| What acts as a chemical barrier for the body | sweat and ph helps destroy bacteria |
| melanoma is the most dangerous form of cancer because | it readily matastizes |
| In a mole what is cause for concern? | irregular border or change in color |
| tactile cells are also known as | merkel cells |
| langerhan cells present antigens which kill | T lymphocytes |
| Stratum basale | single row of celles attached to the dermis |
| the stratum basale contains which type of cells | melanocytes and keratinocytes |
| what shape are karatinocytes? | cuboidal |
| stratum spinosum | layer containing flattened keratinocytes and irregul shaped prickle cells |
| Langerhan cells are primarily found in | stratum spinosum |
| stratum granulosum | are where karatinocytes continue to flatten and nuclei die. |
| everything above which skin layer is dead because it is too far from the blood supply? | stratum granulosum |
| which skin layer is found only in thick skin | stratum lucidum |
| stratum lucidum is composed of | dead layer of karatinocytes |
| stratum corneom makes up what portion of eipidermal thickness | 3/4 |
| stratum corneum is composed of | many layers of dead katainocytes filled with keratin |
| What are the 4 major cells in the epidermis | karatinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells and merkel cells |
| A new epidermis is replaced every ___ to ____ days? | 25-45 days |
| melanocytes are what shape? | spider shaped |
| langerhans cells are also called | epidermal dendritic cells |
| Langerhan cells are what type of cell | macrophages |
| langerhan cells migrate from________ to active the ammune system | bone |
| merkel cells are located at the | epidermal dermal juctions |
| merkel cells combine with ______ cells | merkel disks |
| The papilary layer contains which features | meissner's corpscles and epidermal ridges |
| Meissner corpuscles | touch recepters |
| The reticular layer composes what % of the dermis | 80 |
| The reticular layer is comprised of what type of tissue? | dense irregula connective tissue |
| The reticular layer contains lines of | cleavage and flexure lines |
| Melanin pigment ranges in color from | yellow to reddish brown to black |
| Carotene | yellow orange pigment found in plants |
| carotene accumulates in the | stratum corneum and fatty tissue |
| hemoglobin | red pigment in blook which gives skin its pinkish hue |
| Erythema | redness of the skin |
| pallor | white, blanching |
| jaundice | yellow cast |
| black and blue | blood clots beneath the skin |
| bronzing | addisons diseas |
| sudoriferous glands (sweat) are distributed everywhere except | the nipples and external genitals |
| eccrine (merocrine glands) | produce sweat by exocytosis |
| what is the function of eccrine glands | cooling the body by evaporation |
| appocrine glands | found in axillary and anogenital areas |
| appocrine glands produce | substance similar to sweat but with added fats and proteins |
| apocrine glands may be considered analogous to what? | scent glands in animals |
| ceruminous glands are a what type of gland? | modified apocrine gland |
| mamary glands are a specialized type of what gland | sweat gland |
| apocrine glands empty into which body structure | hair follicles |
| sebaceous(oil)glands produce | sebum |
| sebaceous glands are what type of glands | holocrine |
| What glands do not become active until puberty? | sebaceous |
| hair is composed of | hard keratin |
| the three structures of hair are | cuticle cortex and medulla |
| Hair cuticle | outer layer |
| hair cortex | middle layer |
| medulla | inner layer |
| the two types of hair are | termainal hair and vellus hair |
| uneven melonin productions results in | red hair |
| alopecia | loss of hair |
| male pattern baldness | sex influenced trait that leads to loss of hair |
| nails are composed of | hard keratin |
| what portion of hair is responsible for nail growth? | nail matrix |
| the nail cuticle is also called | eponychium |
Created by:
Renee Fazio
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