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Module 3A - Ecology
First half module 3 - Ecology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | the study of the interactions between living and nonliving things |
| Population | a group of interbreeding organisms coexisting together |
| Community | a group of populations living and interacting in the same area |
| Ecosystem | an association of living organisms and their physical environment |
| Biome | a group of ecosystems classified by climate and plant life |
| Biosphere | the sum of all of Earth’s ecosystems in land, water, or air |
| Species | a unit of one or more populations of individuals that can reproduce under normal conditions, produce fertile offspring, and are reproductively isolated from other such units |
| Biotic factors | any living part of an environment; organisms living in an ecosystem |
| Abiotic factors | the nonliving physical and chemical conditions affecting organisms; the chemical and physical processes that play critical roles in the support of life |
| Producers | organisms that produce their own food |
| Consumers | organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers for food |
| Decomposers | organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms |
| Food chain | a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
| Food Web | links all the food chains in an ecosystem together |
| Biomass | a measure of the total amount of living tissue of organisms within a trophic level in an ecosystem |
| Primary productivity | rate at which producers in an ecosystem build biomass |
| Net primary productivity | the total amount of biomass produced minus the amount used by the producers for their own life functions |
| Trophic Level | each step or pathway of food transfer from one level to another in a food chain or food web |
| Ecological pyramids | pyramid-shaped diagrams that show the amount of energy or matter at each trophic level in an ecosystem |
| Energy Pyramids | these are used to show that only about 1% of the energy available in one trophic level is available to the organisms in the next trophic level |
| Biomass Pyramids | ecologists use this pyramid to represent the actual dry mass of all the organisms in each trophic level of an ecosystem. It separates biomass out according to trophic level and is usually reported in grams or kilograms per cubic meters |
| Pyramid of Numbers | ecological pyramid that shows the number of individual organisms in each trophic level of an ecosystem |
| Transpiration | evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant |
| Carbon Cycle | the movement of carbon atoms between organic and inorganic molecules in the biosphere |
| Greenhouse effect | the process by which certain gases (principally water vapor carbon dioxide and methane) trap heat that would otherwise escape the Earth and radiate into space |
Created by:
MelRodriguez
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