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PBS Unit 2.1 Vocab.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adenosine triphosphate | a compound consisting of an adenosine molecule bonded to three phosphate groups, present in all living tissue. The breakage of one phosphate linkage (to form adenosine diphosphate, ADP ) provides energy for physiological processes such as muscular contrac |
| Biomolecules | an organic molecule that includes carbohydrates, protein, lipids, and nucleic acids. |
| blood pressure | he pressure of the blood in the circulatory system, often measured for diagnosis since it is closely related to the force and rate of the heartbeat and the diameter and elasticity of the arterial walls. |
| cancer | a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body. |
| chemical reaction | a process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance, as opposed to a change in physical form or a nuclear reaction. |
| Cholesterol | a compound of the sterol type found in most body tissues. Cholesterol and its derivatives are important constituents of cell membranes and precursors of other steroid compounds, but a high proportion in the blood of low-density lipoprotein (which transpor |
| demeanor | your outward behavior |
| diagnosis | the identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the symptoms. "early diagnosis and treatment are essential" |
| Diastole | the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood. |
| diastolic pressure | measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart rests between beats. |
| empathy | the ability to understand and share the feelings of another. |
| erythrocytes | a red blood cell that (in humans) is typically a biconcave disc without a nucleus. Erythrocytes contain the pigment hemoglobin, which imparts the red color to blood, and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues. |
| glucagon | a hormone formed in the pancreas which promotes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver. |
| HDL | high-density lipoprotein. |
| Heart Rate | the number of heartbeats per unit of time |
| HIPAA | a federal law that required the creation of national standards to protect sensitive patient health information from being disclosed without the patient's consent or knowledge. |
| homeostasis | the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes. |
| hormones | a regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action. |
| Hypertension | when the pressure in your blood vessels is too high (140/90 mmHg or higher). |
| insulin | a hormone produced in the pancreas by the islets of Langerhans, which regulates the amount of glucose in the blood. The lack of insulin causes a form of diabetes. |
| LDL | low-density lipoprotein. |
| Leukocytes | a cellular component of the blood that lacks hemoglobin, has a nucleus and is capable of motility |
| medical history | In general, a medical history includes an inquiry into the patient's medical history, past surgical history, family medical history, social history, allergies, and medications the patient is taking or may have recently stopped taking. |
| metabolism | the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life. |
| negative feedback loop | the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life. |
| plasma | an ionized gas consisting of positive ions and free electrons in proportions resulting in more or less no overall electric charge, typically at low pressures (as in the upper atmosphere and in fluorescent lamps) or at very high temperatures (as in stars a |
| positive feedback loop | when the product of a reaction leads to an increase in that reaction. |
| pulse | a rhythmical throbbing of the arteries as blood is propelled through them, typically as felt in the wrists or neck. |
| respiratory rate | the number of breaths a person takes per minute |
| risk factor | characteristics at the biological, psychological, family, community, or cultural level that precede and are associated with a higher likelihood of negative outcomes. |
| sphygmomanometer | an instrument for measuring blood pressure, typically consisting of an inflatable rubber cuff which is applied to the arm and connected to a column of mercury next to a graduated scale, enabling the determination of systolic and diastolic blood pressure b |
| symptoms | a physical or mental feature which is regarded as indicating a condition of disease, particularly such a feature that is apparent to the patient |
| systole | the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries. |
| systolic pressure | s the maximum blood pressure during contraction of the ventricles |
| Thrombocytes | special blood cells with an important function |
| triage | the preliminary assessment of patients or casualties in order to determine the urgency of their need for treatment and the nature of treatment required |
| vital signs | clinical measurements, specifically pulse rate, temperature, respiration rate, and blood pressure, that indicate the state of a patient's essential body functions. |
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